Petrologic, isotopic, and radiometric age constraints on the origin and tectonic history of the Malino Metamorphic Complex, NW Sulawesi, Indonesia

Leeuwen, Theo van; Allen, Charlotte M.; Kadarusman, Ade; Elburg, Marlina; Palin, J. Michael; Muhardjo,; Suwijanto,

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.002

Cited by 69 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The abundant amount of quartz and feldspar indicates a quartzo-feldspathic protolith [24]. The myrmekitic texture narrows down the protolith to a granitic origin, consistent with the previously proposed idea that the gneiss unit in the PMC is derived from orthogneiss of Gondwana affinity [15,25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Characteristics of a Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit in the River Reef Zone and the Watuputih Hill, the Poboya Gold Prospect, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Host Rocks and Hydrothermal Alteration

et al. 2017

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Systematic exploration has delineated significant gold mineralization in the River Reef Zone and the presence of a siliceous body at Watuputih Hill, which is a Poboya gold prospect in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The mineralization is hosted within the Palu Metamorphic Complex. The host rocks consist of granite, biotite gneiss, and biotite schist, which is intercalated by feldspar porphyroblastic biotite schist and amphibolitic schist. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the granite and biotite gneiss suggests that the granitic rocks can be characterized as magnesian arc calc-alkaline rocks, with a weakly peraluminous composition. Alteration minerals were analyzed by a combination of petrographic and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In the River Reef Zone, the hydrothermal alteration zones can be sorted by their proximity to the primary fluid conduit and divided into inner, high-T, and low-T propylitic zones. In Watuputih Hill, the hydrothermal alteration can be divided into advanced argillic and argillic zones. The hydrothermal alteration assemblages indicated that the fluid was at a near-neutral pH in the River Reef Zone, whereas the fluid was acidic within Watuputih Hill. Because the hill is relatively distant from the River Reef Zone, the presence of these zones at Watuputih Hill may be indicative of another mineralization system beneath the hill.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Several higher-grade metamorphic rocks also occur in this complex, such as granulite, eclogite, and garnet peridotite [14]. This metamorphic complex is derived from Permo-Triassic metagranitoids and metasediments of Australia-New Guinea, metabasites of mid-ocean ridge basalts affinity, and Sundaland-origin rocks [15].…”

Section: Geologic Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characteristics of a Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit in the River Reef Zone and the Watuputih Hill, the Poboya Gold Prospect, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Host Rocks and Hydrothermal Alteration

et al. 2017

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“…2c) above the subducted Banda slab, in a region which included parts of the pre-collision SE Asian margin in West Sulawesi and the collided Australian crust of the Sula Spur. There was extension-related volcanic activity in West Sulawesi (Polvé et al 1997;Hennig et al 2016), core complex formation in North Sulawesi (van Leeuwen et al 2007(van Leeuwen et al , 2016Hennig et al 2016;Advokaat 2016), Banda arc volcanism started, and there was subsidence in the Banda forearc near Sumba (Fortuin et al 1997;Rigg & Hall 2012).…”

Section: Regional Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subduction initiation stage of the Wilson cycle

Hall

2018

131

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In the Wilson cycle, there is a change from an opening to a closing ocean when subduction begins. Subduction initiation is commonly identified as a major problem in plate tectonics and is said to be nowhere observable, yet there are many young subduction zones at the west Pacific margins and in eastern Indonesia. Few studies have considered these examples. Banda subduction developed by the eastwards propagation of the Java trench into an oceanic embayment by tearing along a former ocean-continent boundary. The earlier subducted slab provided the driving force to drag down unsubducted oceanic lithosphere. Although this process may be common, it does not account for young subduction zones near Sulawesi at different stages of development. Subduction began there at the edges of ocean basins, not at former spreading centres or transforms. It initiated at a point where there were major differences in elevation between the ocean floor and the adjacent hot, weak and thickened arc/continental crust. The age of the ocean crust appears to be unimportant. A close relationship with extension is marked by the dramatic elevation of land, the exhumation of deep crust and the spectacular subsidence of basins, raising questions about the time required to move from no subduction to active subduction, and how initiation can be identified in the geological record.

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“…Further east the Cretaceous active margin is marked by Cretaceous high pressure -low temperature subduction-related metamorphic rocks in Central Java, the Meratus Mountains of Southeast Borneo and West Sulawesi (Parkinson et al 1998). However, outboard of this ophiolitic zone East Java and West Sulawesi are underlain in part by Archean continental crust, and geochemistry (Elburg et al 2003) and zircon dating (Smyth et al 2007, Van Leeuwen et al 2007) indicates this formed part of a block rifted from the West Australian margin.…”

Section: Sundalandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Australia -Sundaland collision in Sulawesi was initially marked by mountain building but contraction was followed in the Middle Miocene by new extension. There was Miocene core complex metamorphism in North Sulawesi (Van Leeuwen et al 2007), extensional magmatism in South Sulawesi (Polvé et al 1997), and formation of the deep Gorontalo Bay and Bone Gulf basins between the arms. Complex Neogene deformation in Sulawesi has included block rotations and strike-slip faulting.…”

Section: Miocene Collisions and Their Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southeast Asia's changing palaeogeography

Hall¹

2009

blum - j plant tax and plant geog

372

482

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Geology provides the basis for understanding distributions of faunas and floras in Southeast Asia but only via a complex interplay of plate movements, palaeogeography, ocean circulation and climate. Southeast Asia grew incrementally by the addition of continental fragments, mainly rifted from Australia, and added to the margins of Sundaland as a result of subduction. Sundaland was an almost permanent land area from the beginning of the Mesozoic. The addition of the continental fragments of Southwest Borneo and later East Java -West Sulawesi formed a much larger emergent land area by the Late Cretaceous that extended from Indochina to West Sulawesi. Subduction resumed at the Sundaland margin in the Eocene and this led to widespread rifting within Sundaland, and formed one of the most important barriers at its edge, the Makassar Straits. Australia began to collide with Southeast Asia about 25 million years ago, effectively closing the former deep ocean separating the two continents, and forming the region now known as Wallacea. Collision, volcanism, and subduction-related processes have led to rise of mountains but also formed new oceans within this complex region. Plate tectonic movements and collisions were intimately linked to changing topography, bathymetry and land/sea distributions which have in turn influenced oceanic circulation and climate. As the deep-water barrier between Australia and Southeast Asia was eliminated and mountains rose, deep marine basins also formed. Eustatic changes in sea level further contributed to a complex palaeogeography. The present gateway between the Pacific and Indian Oceans is the only low latitude oceanic passage between the world's oceans, and is an important influence on local and probably global climate. The gateway is likely to have been just as significant in the past. Understanding the geology, then palaeogeography, and then their oceanic and climatic consequences are vital steps on the way to interpreting present distributions of plants and animals.

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Petrologic, isotopic, and radiometric age constraints on the origin and tectonic history of the Malino Metamorphic Complex, NW Sulawesi, Indonesia

Cited by 69 publications

References 72 publications

Characteristics of a Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit in the River Reef Zone and the Watuputih Hill, the Poboya Gold Prospect, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Host Rocks and Hydrothermal Alteration

Characteristics of a Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit in the River Reef Zone and the Watuputih Hill, the Poboya Gold Prospect, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Host Rocks and Hydrothermal Alteration

The subduction initiation stage of the Wilson cycle

Southeast Asia's changing palaeogeography

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