Petrography and geochemistry of the Cambro-Ordovician Wajid Sandstone, southwest Saudi Arabia: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting

Wanas, H.A.; Abdel-Maguid, N.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.05.002

Cited by 58 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition, [25,29,30] used alkali metal oxides to reveal information about the provenance of clastic sediments. Recent geochemical investigations on sandstones and shales have focused on deciphering the provenance and tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins [22,31,32]. However, little attention has been paid to the study of provenance in this region, despite the fact that the targeted carbonaceous shales for shale gas exploration in the region is hosted in the Ecca Group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of sandstones and shales from the Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: Implications for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting

2017

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Geochemical compositions of twenty-four sandstone and shale samples from the Ecca Group were analysed to decipher their provenance, paleoweathering conditions and tectonic setting. The shales have high Fe 2 O 3 , K 2 O, TiO 2 , Ce, Cu, Ga, La, Nb, Nd, Rb, Sc, Sr, Th and Y content more than the sandstones, whereas, sandstones are higher in SiO 2 , Hf and Zr than the shales. The positive correlations of Al 2 O 3 with other elements as well as the abundance of Ba, Ce, Th, Rb, Zn and Zr suggest that these elements are primarily controlled by the dominant clay minerals. Tectonic discrimination diagrams revealed that the sandstones and shales are mostly of quartzose sedimentary provenance, suggesting that they were derived from a cratonic interior or recycled orogen. The binary plots of TiO 2 versus Ni, TiO 2 against Zr and La/Th versus Hf as well as the ternary diagrams of V-Ni-Th*10 indicate that the shales and sandstones were derived from felsic igneous rocks. A-CN-K (Al 2 O 3 -CaO-K 2 O) ternary diagram and indices of weathering (CIA, CIW and PIS) suggest that the granitic source rocks underwent moderate to high degree of chemical weathering. The CIA values range between 24.41% and 83.76%, indicating low to high weathering conditions. The CIW values for the studied sandstones and shales range from 25.90 to 96.25%, suggesting moderate to high intensive chemical weathering. ICV values for the sandstones and shales vary from 0.71 to 3.6 (averaging 1.20) and 0.41 to 1.05 (averaging 0.82), respectively. The K 2 O/Na 2 O ratios for the studied samples vary from 0.71 to 8.29, which reveal moderate to high maturity. The plot of CIA against ICV shows that most of the shales are geochemically mature and were derived from both weak and intensively weathered source rocks. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams support passive-active continental margin setting of the provenance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of sandstones and shales from the Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: Implications for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting

2017

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“…While the Wajid area has been studied previously, data from most of the Palaeozoic in central and northern Saudi Arabia are still lacking. So far, the majority of publications identified acidic igneous rocks from southern terrains, probably in Yemen, as the primary source for sediments of the Wajid Group Hussain et al 2000;Hussain 2001;Wanas and Abdel-Maguid 2006;Hussain 2007;Knox et al 2007). Secondary sources include metamorphic, metasedimentary and recycled sedimentary rocks, to varying degrees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrography and geochemistry of Palaeozoic quartz-rich sandstones from Saudi Arabia: implications for provenance and chemostratigraphy

2016

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The Arabian Peninsula hosts a thick Palaeozoic succession, ranging from the Cambrian through the Permian. It not only contains deposits of the two major Palaeozoic glaciations but also holds both the major Palaeozoic hydrocarbon source and reservoir rocks. In addition, Palaeozoic sandstones serve as important aquifers. The succession is dominated by highly mature quartz arenites, as seen in thin sections. It is starved of fossils and very uniform in lithology. In order to better understand provenance, tectonic setting and stratigraphic relationships, the petrography as well as major and trace element geochemistry of sandstones were studied. Samples were taken from two study areas in southern (Wajid area) as well as central and northern (Tabuk area) Saudi Arabia. The dataset we present here is the first comprehensive study to cover the entire Palaeozoic succession in both the southern and northern part of the Arabian Peninsula. The collisional signal from some samples is a relic from the last stages of the amalgamation of Gondwana, carried into the basin by glaciogenic sediments. Major and trace element geochemistry indicate the Neoproterozoic basement of the nearby Arabian Shield as the most likely source for the detritus. Tectonic discrimination diagrams suggest that deposition of sandstones took place in an intracratonic setting, which is in accordance with the established model for the evolution of the Arabian Plate. An influx of fresh material, probably sourced from the Shield, did occur in the late Palaeozoic units of the Wajid area but did not reach the Tabuk area. Geochemical methods have shown some success in characterising the provenance of both study areas but were unable to reliably assess sedimentary recycling. A (meta-)sedimentary source for the Palaeozoic sandstones could therefore neither be proven nor refuted. Multivariate cluster and principal component analysis of geochemical data revealed significant differences between the two study areas.2

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“…suture zones of Himalaya, Apennines and Pyrenees). However, in the entire suture zone, sandstones in general are more feldspathic than those of deposited in other area [21]. Most of foreland Basin sandstones are fairly uniform in composition [21] reflecting dominance of source rocks that are uplifted and eroded from the thrust sheet and deposited in foreland basin.…”

Section: Tectono-provenancementioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, in the entire suture zone, sandstones in general are more feldspathic than those of deposited in other area [21]. Most of foreland Basin sandstones are fairly uniform in composition [21] reflecting dominance of source rocks that are uplifted and eroded from the thrust sheet and deposited in foreland basin. The large scale compositional variation of the Bayana sandstones reflects the existence of source terrain of a similar to suture zones of Himalaya, Apennines and Pyrenees.…”

Section: Tectono-provenancementioning

confidence: 96%

Petrofacies Evolution of Bayana Basin Sandstones of Mesoproterozoic Delhi Supergroup, Bharatpur District, Rajasthan, Northwestern India

Ahmad¹,

Saikia²,

Wasim³

2012

OJG

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The paper embodies results of petrofacies, detrital mineralogy and textural aspects of Bayana Basin sandstones of the Delhi Supergroup. These sandstones consisting of various types of quartz, feldspar, mica, rock fragments and heavy minerals are medium to fine grained and moderately well sorted. These sediments are generally subangular to subrounded with low sphericity. Various factors responsible for modification of the original detrital composition of the sandstones have been critically examined. Distance of transport is one of the factors which control the composition at the time of deposition. The plots of petrofacies in QtñFñL, QmñFñLt, QpñLvñLs and QmñPñK ternary diagrams suggest mainly basement uplift source (Craton interior) in a rifted continental margin basin setting, which has also received sediment input from recycled orogen provenance.

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Petrography and geochemistry of the Cambro-Ordovician Wajid Sandstone, southwest Saudi Arabia: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting

Cited by 58 publications

References 41 publications

Geochemistry of sandstones and shales from the Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: Implications for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting

Geochemistry of sandstones and shales from the Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: Implications for provenance, weathering and tectonic setting

Petrography and geochemistry of Palaeozoic quartz-rich sandstones from Saudi Arabia: implications for provenance and chemostratigraphy

Petrofacies Evolution of Bayana Basin Sandstones of Mesoproterozoic Delhi Supergroup, Bharatpur District, Rajasthan, Northwestern India

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