Widespread sodic alkali basaltic activity developed from Early Miocene to Pleistocene, around the northern termination of the Dead Sea Fault Zone, and in the North-West foreland of the Arabian Plate, in South-East Turkey. Volcanic activity started within the Gaziantep Basin during the Early-Late Miocene (21.2-7.0 Ma), and further East, abundant magmatism brought to the formation of the Karacadağ Shield Volcano, starting from Middle Miocene throughout the Holocene (12.1-0.01 Ma). During the Pleistocene, volcanism developed also around the Anatolia-Africa-Arabia triple junction, along the Karataş-Osmaniye Fault, and along the northern segment of the Dead Sea Fault, in the Karasu Basin. Volcanic rocks emplaced in these areas mainly consist of abundant basalts and basanites, with subordinate hawaiites and basaltic andesites, mostly showing Na-alkaline affinity, whereas some of the older products show calc-alkaline signatures. As a whole, these volcanic rocks show LREE/HREE and HFSE/LILE ratios similar to those of OIB-like magmas. Some trace element and radiogenic isotope variations are observed amongst the less differentiated samples and they are explained by partial melting of a heterogeneous subcontinental mantle source at variable depths, mostly in the garnet stability field. The largest compositional variability observed, however, is attributed to differentiation processes, resulting in quite remarkable chemical and isotopic variations (e.g., 87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0.