“…Although large amounts of researches have been conducted on the Miocene adakite-like porphyries in the Gangdese belt, the origin of the Miocene adakite-like porphyries remains debated. Several genetic models have been proposed to account for the origin of Miocene adakite-like porphyries: (i) partial melting of the thickened subduction-modified Tibetan lower crust (Chung et al, 2003;Guo, Wilson, & Liu, 2007;Hou et al, 2004), (ii) partial melting of the upper mantle source metasomatized by the slab-derived melts (Gao et al, 2007(Gao et al, , 2010, (iii) melting of subducted oceanic crust (Qu, Hou, & Li, 2004;Qu, Hou, Zaw, & Li, 2007), (iv) high-pressure differentiation of hydrous mafic partial melts from Tibetan mantle (Lu, Loucks, Fiorentini, Yang, & Hou, 2015), (v) partial melting of mafic Indian lower crust (Xu, Zhang, Guo, & Yuan, 2010), and (vi) magma mixing origin (Sun et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2018;Yang, Goldfarb, & Chang, 2016;Yang, Lu, Hou, & Chang, 2015).…”