Peteosthor – a medical disaster due to Radium-224

Spiess, H

doi:10.1007/s00411-002-0165-4

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The action of chemical exposures depends on the chemical in question and may be system wide. For example, nosocomial exposure to Thorium X in the 1940s was associated with damage to the bone and cartilage as well as cancer of the bone, connective tissue, breast, thyroid, liver, kidney, pancreas, uterus, and bladder (Spiess, 2002), while exposure to dioxin-contaminated cooking oil in Italy in 1976 was associated with mortality from lymphoemopoietic, digestive, and respiratory cancers (Pesatori et al, 2003). Acute irritation and damage to the respiratory, ocular, and gastrointestinal systems were the main immediate effects of the Union Carbide gas leak in Bhopal, India (Beckett, 1998), although there is evidence for persistent ocular, respiratory, immunity, genetic, neurological, neurobehavioral, and reproductive effects as well as cancer .…”

Section: Injury and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical and radiological exposures are of particular interest to cancer researchers. Patients who received 224Ra injections for bone tuberculosis and ankylosing spondylitis in the 1940s and 1950s suffered increased risk of cancers system wide (including cancers of the bone, connective tissue, breast, thyroid, liver, kidney, pancreas, uterus, and bladder) in the 12-21 years following "treatment" (Spiess, 2002). Exposure to the dioxin TCDD following the Seveso Accident was associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality from lymphoemopoietic neoplasm and cancers of the digestive and respiratory systems (Pesatori et al, 2003).…”

Section: Chronic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Disasters and Population Health

Johnson

Galea

2009

Lifespan Perspectives on Natural Disasters

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Events of mass trauma are relatively common global phenomena with widespread impact on human health. We conducted this systematic literature review using the National Library of Medicine's PubMed database. We investigated the effect of disasters on six main topic areas of interest: injury and mortality, health systems and infrastructure, mental health, infectious disease, chronic disease, and health behavior. This review covers 182 articles on both natural and man-made disasters, excluding war. We present the results by topic area, across disaster type. This work highlights the scope and heterogeneity of disaster research today, providing a contextual background in which to formulate interventions and disaster planning efforts.

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Section: Injury and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Disasters and Population Health

Johnson

Galea

2009

Lifespan Perspectives on Natural Disasters

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“…The absence of insufficient dose (cell death) to induce a state of chronic inflammation could provide an explanation why osteosarcoma was not recorded following the administration of low doses of 224 Ra. Osteosarcoma, the typical tumour seen following the administration of high doses of 224 Ra, was not recorded for any of the treated males [7,8].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Later in Germany smaller amounts (up to 140 MBq), often in combination with platinum and eosin, as in the drug Peteosthor, were administered [6] but these were also found to be associated with increased mortality-particularly from bone cancers. [7,8]. In addition to bone cancers, Speiss [9] showed that high dose treatments resulted in increases in a wide range of other health effects including: leukaemia, bone fractures, growth retardation in children, cataracts, breast cancer, kidney insufficiency and cardio-vascular disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of lower doses of radium-224 to ankylosing spondylitis patients results in no evidence of significant overall detriment

2020

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The use of low doses of radium-224 (224 Ra) chloride for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis was stopped following the discovery that patients treated with it had a higher than control incidence of leukaemia and other cancers. This was so even though the treatment resulted in decreased pain and increased mobility-both of which are associated with decreased mortality. It was decided to re-analyze the epidemiological data looking at all causes of death. The risk of leukaemia, solid cancer, death from non-cancer causes and from all causes in a study populations of men that received either the typical dose of 5.6 to 11.1 MBq of 224 Ra, any dose of 224 Ra or no radium were compared using the Cox proportional hazard model. For patients that received the typical dose of 224 Ra agreed with the excess cancer was similar to that reported in previous studies. In contrast, these patients were less likely to die from non-cancer diseases and from all causes of death than the control patients. No excess mortality was also found in the population of all males that received the radionuclide. It is concluded that 224 Ra treatment administered at low doses to patients with ankylosing spondylitis did not impact mortality from all causes. The study demonstrates the need to consider all causes of death and longevity when assessing health impacts following irradiation.

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“…It was licenced for use as a treatment for cutaneous vascular malformations as well as some other dermatological conditions up until the 1960's. However, its use was stopped due to multiple adverse effects, not least its potential for carcinogenesis when used both topically and systemically [2]. There have been several reported cases of basal cell carcinomas arising in previously treated PWS with Thorium X [3][4][5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%