PET-FDG Test-Retest Reliability During a Visual Discrimination Task in Schizophrenia

Holcomb, Henry H.; Cascella, Nicola G.; Medoff, Deborah R.; Gastineau, Edward A.; Loats, H.L.; Thaker, Gunvant K.; Conley, Robert R.; Dannals, Robert F.; Wagner, Henry N.; Tamminga, Carol A.

doi:10.1097/00004728-199309000-00007

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The visual interpretation of the PET and SPECT images, as performed by independent and experienced observers with reference to normal databases obtained in our own laboratory (13,(20)(21)(22) and from previous studies (23)(24)(25)(26)(27), was sufficient to identify lesions. In addition, according to the previous studies (28)(29)(30)(31)(32), the reader reproducibilities for visual interpretation of PET and SPECT images are good. Therefore, in this study, we selected visual interpretation instead of a quantitative or semiquantitative method.…”

Section: Kao Et Almentioning

confidence: 62%

Discrepancy between regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism of the brain in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings

Kao

Lan

et al. 1999

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. In this study, 2 updated brain-imaging modalities, technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime-single-photon-emission computed tomo-graphy (HMPAO-SPECT) and fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), were used to simultaneously detect regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and glucose metabolism of the brain in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. Twenty-five female SLE patients, ages 25-40 years, were enrolled in this study and assigned to 1 of 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 13 patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations (7 had major and 6 had minor manifestations). Group 2 consisted of 12 patients without neuropsychiatric manifestations. Serum levels of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-ribosomal P antibodies (anti-P) were measured. All patients had normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. Ten healthy female volunteers also underwent brain MRI, HMPAO-SPECT, and FDG-PET for comparison. Results. 99m Tc-HMPAO-SPECT revealed hypo-perfusion lesions in 11 (44%) of 25 SLE patients, including 9 (69%) of the 13 patients in group 1, 7 (100%) of the 7 patients with major manifestations, 2 (33%) of the 6 patients with minor manifestations, and 2 (17%) of the 12 patients in group 2. Parietal lobes were the areas most commonly involved. FDG-PET revealed hypome-tabolism in 7 (54%) of the group 1 patients, 6 (86%) of the 7 patients with major manifestations, and 1 (17%) of the 6 patients with minor manifestations. Temporal lobes were the most commonly involved areas. However, no significant hypometabolism brain lesions were found in group 2 patients. All of the 4 patients with headaches and dizziness or headaches alone had normal findings on HMPAO-SPECT and FDG-PET. Nine (36%) of the 25 patients were positive for aCL. However, the presence of aCL was not related to neuropsychiatric manifestations or to HMPAO-SPECT or FDG-PET findings. Five (20%) of the 25 patients had anti-P antibodies and psychosis/depression. Conclusion. In patients with normal brain MRI findings, decreases in glucose metabolism coupled with decreases in rCBF are associated with serious neuro-psychiatric SLE (NPSLE) presentations, while normal glucose metabolism with decreases in rCBF may be found in SLE patients with or without NPSLE.

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Section: Kao Et Almentioning

confidence: 62%

Discrepancy between regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism of the brain in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings

Kao

Lan

et al. 1999

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…As described in the “Introduction” section, percent test-retest (PTRT) is a ubiquitous measure in PET brain imaging although it is not often used in other related fields. In early PET test-retest papers, signed (or raw) mean normalized test-retest differences were considered [ 16 , 17 ], but later authors generally used the absolute values of the normalized differences instead [ 18 ]. Following this latter definition, PTRT is calculated as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical evaluation of test-retest studies in PET brain imaging

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPositron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technology that enables in vivo quantification of metabolic activity or receptor density, among other applications. Examples of applications of PET imaging in neuroscience include studies of neuroreceptor/neurotransmitter levels in neuropsychiatric diseases (e.g., measuring receptor expression in schizophrenia) and of misfolded protein levels in neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., beta amyloid and tau deposits in Alzheimer’s disease). Assessment of a PET tracer’s test-retest properties is an important component of tracer validation, and it is usually carried out using data from a small number of subjects.ResultsHere, we investigate advantages and limitations of test-retest metrics that are commonly used for PET brain imaging, including percent test-retest difference and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). In addition, we show how random effects analysis of variance, which forms the basis for ICC, can be used to derive additional test-retest metrics, which are generally not reported in the PET brain imaging test-retest literature, such as within-subject coefficient of variation and repeatability coefficient. We reevaluate data from five published clinical PET imaging test-retest studies to illustrate the relative merits and utility of the various test-retest metrics. We provide recommendations on evaluation of test-retest in brain PET imaging and show how the random effects ANOVA based metrics can be used to supplement the commonly used metrics such as percent test-retest.ConclusionsRandom effects ANOVA is a useful model for PET brain imaging test-retest studies. The metrics that ensue from this model are recommended to be reported along with the percent test-retest metric as they capture various sources of variability in the PET test-retest experiments in a succinct way.

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“…It has been shown in test‐retest neuroimaging studies that the use of a standard task (vs. a ‘rest’ task) reduces inherent between‐subject and day‐to‐day regional CMRglu variability (Duara et al . 1987; Holcomb et al . 1993).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural basis of alertness and cognitive performance impairments during sleepiness. I. Effects of 24 h of sleep deprivation on waking human regional brain activity

Thomas

Sing

Belenky

et al. 2000

Journal of Sleep Research

906

596

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The negative effects of sleep deprivation on alertness and cognitive performance suggest decreases in brain activity and function, primarily in the thalamus, a subcortical structure involved in alertness and attention, and in the prefrontal cortex, a region subserving alertness, attention, and higher‐order cognitive processes. To test this hypothesis, 17 normal subjects were scanned for quantifiable brain activity changes during 85 h of sleep deprivation using positron emission tomography (PET) and 18Fluorine‐2‐deoxyglucose (18FDG), a marker for regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRglu) and neuronal synaptic activity. Subjects were scanned prior to and at 24‐h intervals during the sleep deprivation period, for a total of four scans per subject. During each 30 min 18FDG uptake, subjects performed a sleep deprivation‐sensitive Serial Addition/Subtraction task. Polysomnographic monitoring confirmed that subjects were awake. Twenty‐four hours of sleep deprivation, reported here, resulted in a significant decrease in global CMRglu, and significant decreases in absolute regional CMRglu in several cortical and subcortical structures. No areas of the brain evidenced a significant increase in absolute regional CMRglu. Significant decreases in relative regional CMRglu, reflecting regional brain reductions greater than the global decrease, occurred predominantly in the thalamus and prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Alertness and cognitive performance declined in association with these brain deactivations. This study provides evidence that short‐term sleep deprivation produces global decreases in brain activity, with larger reductions in activity in the distributed cortico‐thalamic network mediating attention and higher‐order cognitive processes, and is complementary to studies demonstrating deactivation of these cortical regions during NREM and REM sleep.

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PET-FDG Test-Retest Reliability During a Visual Discrimination Task in Schizophrenia

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Discrepancy between regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism of the brain in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings

Discrepancy between regional cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism of the brain in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging findings

Statistical evaluation of test-retest studies in PET brain imaging

Neural basis of alertness and cognitive performance impairments during sleepiness. I. Effects of 24 h of sleep deprivation on waking human regional brain activity

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