PET Cyclotron Design for Decommissioning and Waste Inventory Reduction

Abstract

In this paper we will examine the decommissioning and radioactive waste implications of a hypothetical cyclotron facility. from conception through design into operation and finally decommissioning. Supported by the computer codes MCNPX, MCNP and FISPACT we illustrate the induced activity in the cyclotron pit walls. Using the computer codes it is possible to highlight the problems associated with neutron activation of the cyclotron pit walls and the need for specialist shielding materials, such as boronated polyethylene. Using MCNP it is possible to design a vault for cost effective decommissioning through the use of sacrificial layers. This code allows the likely degree of activation and penetration of activation products to be quantified and hence gives an idea of waste disposal costs. In summary, a dedicated PET facility will challenge most RPAs. A wide range of skills are needed which encompass practical operational procedures, through specialist shielding design using Monte Carlo codes to the ability to appear confident to Regulators who may be finding the experience the same steep learning curve.

Investigation of Staff Finger Doses During Quality Control of FDG Production

“…While whole-body radiation doses received by staff in nuclear medicine and PET clinics (Zanzonico et al 2008;Covens et al 2007;Sharma et al 2006;Eschner et al 2000;Ostertag et al 1991), cyclotron production facilities (Major 2009;Mishani et al 1999) and finger/extremity measurements within routine dispensing and handling of radiopharmaceuticals (Vanhavere et al 2008;Wrzesień et al 2008;Ginjaume et al 2007;Tandon et al 2007;Pant et al 2006;Saether et al 2005;Martin and Whitby 2003;Dhanse et al 2000) have been previously reported, the published data on finger/ extremity radiation doses received by staff performing routine quality control of 18 FDG is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the finger/extremity doses received during this process and determine whether or not staff would need to be designated as classified radiation workers as a result of the work undertaken (Ionizing Radiation Regulations 2000).…”