PET/CT imaging of skeletal muscle metastases

Surov, Alexey; Pawelka, Maria Kerstin; Wienke, Andreas; Schramm, Dominik

doi:10.1177/0284185113493086

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Skeletal muscles are usually at the periphery of the FOV of chest or abdomen CT scans, and are apt to receive less attention. Recently SMM from various malignancies have been reported in several case reports and a few clinical studies of PET-CT due to its almost complete covering of the whole body and higher sensitivity (6,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported prevalence of skeletal muscle metastasis (SMM) among cancer patients varies, in the range of 0.03-17.5%, with a relatively higher prevalence of [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].5% in autopsy studies (2,3) compared to 0.03-5.6% in clinical imaging-based studies (4)(5)(6), indicating that more sensitive imaging modalities are required to detect SMM (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The more routine application of PET-CT in cancer patients has resulted in the detection of more distant metastases, such as SMM, that can be missed using CT (7). Recently, there have been many case reports about SMM detected by PET-CT (10-12) and a few comprehensive clinical studies (6,13). However, PET-CT and contrast-enhanced CT have not been directly compared regarding the detection of SMM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Detection of skeletal muscle metastasis: torso FDG PET-CT versus contrast-enhanced chest or abdomen CT

Song

et al. 2015

Acta Radiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of skeletal muscle metastasis: torso FDG PET-CT versus contrast-enhanced chest or abdomen CT

Song

et al. 2015

Acta Radiol

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“…Bocchino et al reported that 18-fluoro-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) uptake in muscle metastatic lesions increased homogeneously reaching a higher maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max ) (mean value 4.2 ± 2.8) than in the liver [11]. Surov et al reported PET/CT findings of skeletal muscle metastases from different primary tumors [14]. Identified skeletal muscle metastases presented as intramuscular focal abdominal activity with SUVs ranging from 2.4 to 25.9, median SUV 7.8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor to skeletal muscle: a case report

et al. 2014

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IntroductionGastrointestinal stromal tumor is the most common malignant mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common sites of metastasis are the liver and the peritoneum, but gastrointestinal stromal tumors rarely metastasize to the skeletal muscles. Only three cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor metastasizing to skeletal muscle have been reported in the English literature. Here we present an additional case of skeletal muscle metastasis, and the relevant literature is reviewed.Case presentationA 54-year-old Japanese man presented with a three-month history of an enlarging mass of the left buttock. An excisional biopsy was performed and the tumor was diagnosed as a leiomyosarcoma. However, careful examination of the gastrointestinal tract revealed a tumor located in the small intestine. Surgical resection of the small intestine tumor was performed; histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations identified it as a primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor arising from the small intestine. Despite receiving both chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapy, our patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding six months after the initial diagnosis.ConclusionsBecause it is a mesenchymal tumor, it is difficult to distinguish a gastrointestinal stromal tumor metastasis to skeletal muscle from other primary soft tissue sarcomas. Although metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor to skeletal muscle is rare, the likelihood of finding metastases in these unusual sites is increasing due to prolonged survival of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor after the introduction of imatinib therapy. We should include metastases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors as differential diagnosis of spindle cell tumor, and it is necessary to begin appropriate treatment early.

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“…Numerous case reports and, more recently, larger group studies have characterized the imaging appearance of such metastases on CT, MRI and PET/CT [9–13]. On MRI, skeletal muscle metastases typically manifest as well defined intramuscular lesions that are isointense to normal muscle on T1-weighted and hyperintense to normal muscle on T2-weighted sequences, with marked enhancement [11, 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infiltrative pattern of carcinomatosis in extremity muscles on MRI

et al. 2016

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Carcinomas can cause an unusual, infiltrative pattern of metastatic carcinoma in extremity muscles on MRI. To assess this pattern, reports of MRI exams of 907 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of carcinoma were reviewed retrospectively to identify those that mentioned muscle metastasis or myositis in an extremity. Thirty-six (4%) of those reports described muscle metastasis (n=18) or myositis (n=18); based on medical record review and imaging follow-up, 17 cases represented metastases. Metastases manifested as an infiltrative carcinomatosis pattern in 5 patients; resulted from primary esophageal or gastric adenocarcinomas; and often were misdiagnosed as myositis.

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PET/CT imaging of skeletal muscle metastases

Abstract: SMM manifested on PET/CT as focal hypermetabolic intramuscular areas with different SUV. There were no significant differences between SUV or size of the identified SMM in esophageal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and lung cancer.

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Detection of skeletal muscle metastasis: torso FDG PET-CT versus contrast-enhanced chest or abdomen CT

Detection of skeletal muscle metastasis: torso FDG PET-CT versus contrast-enhanced chest or abdomen CT

Metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor to skeletal muscle: a case report

Infiltrative pattern of carcinomatosis in extremity muscles on MRI

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