Pet birds as potential reservoirs of virulent and antibiotic resistant zoonotic bacteria

Ahmed, Heba A.; Awad, Naglaa F.S.; El-Hamid, Marwa I. Abd; Shaker, Asmaa; Mohamed, Rehab E.; Elsohaby, Ibrahim

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101606

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Of interest, MDR among chicken and duck isolates causing leg disorders constituted a major subject of concern worldwide, where 26.3% of chicken S. aureus isolates in Egypt ( Abd El Tawab et al, 2018 ), 73% of chicken E. coli strains in Brazil ( Braga et al, 2016 ), 80% of chicken Salmonella isolates in China ( Guo et al, 2019 ) and 50.5% of duck Salmonella isolates in South Korea ( Cha et al, 2013 ) showed MDR phenotypes. Totally, the outcome, which is common between our research and previous studies ( Ahmed et al, 2021 ; Ammar et al, 2021a ) is the increasing trend of MDR among avian isolates. This could be attributable to the uncontrollable usage of antimicrobial agents for controlling bacterial pathogens in the poultry industry in many geographical localities because of their availability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Owing to the lack of efficient vaccines for bacterial diseases, antibiotic agents are widely recommended for controlling these diseases in poultry flocks. The nonjudicious utilization of antibiotics causes increased resistance rates to the frequently used ones in the poultry field ( Ahmed et al, 2021 ; Ammar et al, 2021b ; Aljazzar et al, 2022 ). Currently, this problem is intensified by the rising emergence of multidrug-resistant ( MDR ) bacterial species, which is becoming an increasing concern in the poultry sector ( Ammar et al, 2021a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multidrug resistant and multivirulent avian bacterial pathogens: tackling experimental leg disorders using phytobiotics and antibiotics alone or in combination

Awad

El-Hamid

Nabil³

et al. 2023

Poultry Science

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug resistant and multivirulent avian bacterial pathogens: tackling experimental leg disorders using phytobiotics and antibiotics alone or in combination

Awad

El-Hamid

Nabil³

et al. 2023

Poultry Science

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“…Aside from humans, KpSC have also been isolated from a wide variety of environments including soil [7], plants [3,8] fresh water [7,9], marine environments and organisms [10], waste dumps [11], animals including cats and dogs [12], migratory and domesticated birds [13,14], agricultural animals [15,16] and Greyheaded flying foxes [1]. Flying foxes, or fruit bats, have long been considered important vectors of zoonotic viruses such as Australian bat lyssavirus [17], Menangle virus [18] and Hendra virus (though not as the primary reservoir) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Klebsiella strains and plasmids within and between Grey-headed flying fox colonies

Vezina

Judd

McDougall

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Grey-headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) is an endemic Australian fruit bat, known to carry pathogens with zoonotic potential. We recently showed these bats harbour the bacterial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae and closely related species in the K. pneumoniae species complex (KpSC). However, the dynamics of Klebsiella transmission and gene flow within flying fox colonies were not explored and remain poorly understood. Here we report a high-resolution genomic comparison of 39 KpSC isolates from Grey-headed flying foxes. Illumina whole genome sequences (n=39) were assembled de novo and the Kleborate genotyping tool was used to infer sequence types (STs). Oxford Nanopore sequences were generated for 13 isolates (one for each distinct ST) in order to generate high-quality completed reference genomes. Read mapping and variant calling was used to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs) within each ST, using the relevant reference genome. In silico genome-scale metabolic models were generated to predict and compare substrate usage to 59 previously published KpSC models for isolates from human and environmental sources, which indicated no distinction on the basis of metabolic capabilities. High-resolution genome comparisons identified five putative strain transmission clusters (four intra- and one inter- colony, n=2-15 isolates each, ≤25 pairwise SNVs). Inter-colony transmission of Klebsiella africana was found between two flying fox populations located within flying distance. The 13 completed genomes harboured 11 plasmids, all of which showed 37-98% coverage (mean 73%) and ≥95% identity to those previously reported from human-associated KpSC. Comparison of plasmids from different flying fox associated KpSC indicated an interspecies horizontal plasmid transmission between K. pneumoniae and K. africana for a 98 kbp plasmid, pFF1003. These data indicate that KpSC are able to transmit directly via flying fox populations or indirectly via a common source, and that these isolates can harbour plasmids with similarity to those found in human derived KpSC, indicating gene flow is occurring between isolates from Grey-headed flying fox KpSC and human clinical isolates.

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“…Even though a lack of knowledge regarding the transmission of infectious diseases from birds to owners is evident in most recent investigations, pet birds have already been indicated as potential reservoirs for zoonotic bacterial agents as dangerous as the aforementioned ESKAPE pathogens, with isolates from pet birds being clustered together with those from their human owners through the determination of bacterial–genetic relationships. As such, it is crucial to monitor pet birds regarding their potential to serve as reservoirs of zoonotic bacterial pathogens to preserve human health [ 75 ].…”

Section: Pet Birds As Reservoirs Of Resistant and Zoonotic Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential of Bacterial Species from Captive Birds of Prey—Consequences of Falconry for Public Health

Magalhães,

Tavares,

Oliveira

2024

Animals

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Falconry has been practiced for thousands of years and is nowadays frequently employed in activities such as pest control, hunting, falcon racing, and environmental education. Antimicrobial resistance levels have risen in the past years, constituting an emerging global problem with a direct impact on public health. Besides both topics being studied on their own, information on the role of captive birds of prey in the potential dissemination of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance determinants of bacterial origin is scarce. Multidrug-resistant bacteria, including some extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, have already been found in several captive birds of prey. Most of the virulence factors found in captive raptors’ bacteria were related to adherence and invasion abilities, toxin production, and flagella. These birds may acquire these bacteria through contaminated raw food and the exchange of animals between keepers and zoological facilities. More studies are required to confirm the role of captive birds of prey in disseminating resistant bacteria and on the routes of interaction between synanthropic species and humans.

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Pet birds as potential reservoirs of virulent and antibiotic resistant zoonotic bacteria

Cited by 7 publications

References 68 publications

Multidrug resistant and multivirulent avian bacterial pathogens: tackling experimental leg disorders using phytobiotics and antibiotics alone or in combination

Multidrug resistant and multivirulent avian bacterial pathogens: tackling experimental leg disorders using phytobiotics and antibiotics alone or in combination

Transmission of Klebsiella strains and plasmids within and between Grey-headed flying fox colonies

Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential of Bacterial Species from Captive Birds of Prey—Consequences of Falconry for Public Health

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