Pesti̇si̇t Anali̇zleri̇nde Elektroki̇myasal Bi̇yosensörleri̇n Kullanimi

Abstract

ÖZETPestisitler, tarımsal, endüstriyel, evsel ve savaş amaçlarıyla sık olarak kullanılan kimyasallardır. Tarımda kullanılmasındaki artıştan dolayı, pestisitler en önemli çevresel kirleticiler arasında yer almaktadır. Pestisitler amperometrik, potansiyometrik, konduktometrik transduser ve alan etkili transistörler kullanılarak tespit edilebilir. Pestisit tayini için geliştirilen biyosensörlerde; enzim, antibadi, hücre ve DNA teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Pestisitlerin enzimatik tespiti, seçilen enzimin aktivitesinin inhibisyonuna dayalıdır. Enzimlerin dışında canlı mikroorganizmalar (alg, bakteri, maya ve funguslar) biyosensörler için biyokatalitik element olarak kullanılabilir. Ayrıca pestisit analizlerinde, guanin oksidasyonuna dayalı DNA biyosensörleri de kullanılmaktadır. Biyosensörler, pestisitlerin ölçüldüğü HPLC/DAD, LC/MS/MS ve GC/MS gibi ileri kimyasal analiz teknikleri ile karşılaştırıldığında hassas bulunmuşlardır. Bu çalışma, günümüze dek pestisit analizlerinde biyosensör kullanımı ile ilgili bilimsel literatürü irdelemekte ve daha önce yapılan metodları karşılaştırmaktadır. APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS IN PESTICIDE ANALYSIS ABSTRACTPesticides are agents widely used for agricultural, industrial, household and warfare purposes. Because of their increasing use in agriculture, pesticides are among the most important environmental pollutants. Pesticides can be detected by using amperometric, potantiometric, conductometric transduser and field effect transistor. Enzyme, antibody, cell and DNA techniques have been used in biosensors which were developed for pesticide analysis. The enzymatic detection of pesticides are based on inhibition of enzymatic activity of selected enzymes. Apart from enzymes, living microorganisms (alg, bacteria, yeast and fungus) can be used as an biocatalitic element for biosensors. DNA biosensors based on guanin oxidation are also used in pesticide analysis. Biosensors, when compared with advanced analytical techniques such as HPLC/DAD, LC/MS/MS and GC/MS have been found more sensitive. This study examines the literature regarding the use of biosensors in pesticide analysis and compares the previously used methods.

An Electrochemical Strategy for Detection of Trace‐Level Binapacryl Using Square‐Wave Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry

“…[1] As a result of the increase in the use of pesticides in agriculture, direct or indirect pollution of the environment (atmosphere, soil and wastewater, agricultural products) is in question, and in this respect, pesticides are among the most important environmental pollutants. [2][3] In addition, environmental and toxicological risks arise with the use of pesticides and the contamination of groundwater becomes a major concern. [4] As a result of unconscious use, pesticides or their metabolites enter the human body through the food chain, creating negative effects on human health.…”

“…In the process of modernization of agricultural activities, pesticides have become a vital tool for plant protection and increasing crop yield [1] . As a result of the increase in the use of pesticides in agriculture, direct or indirect pollution of the environment (atmosphere, soil and wastewater, agricultural products) is in question, and in this respect, pesticides are among the most important environmental pollutants [2–3] . In addition, environmental and toxicological risks arise with the use of pesticides and the contamination of groundwater becomes a major concern [4] .…”