Pesticides in Homes in Western Australia

Dingle, Peter; Williams, David W.; Runciman, N.; Tapsell, P.

doi:10.1007/s001289900875

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Pesticides used or tracked-in indoors tend to have a longer half-life than those in an outdoor environment, probably because there is less water, ultra-violet and biological exposure and breakdown. This was suggested in studies finding nonpersistent pesticides, including OPs, in homes many years after their application Wright et al, 1994;Dingle et al, 1999). Studies comparing indoor and outdoor residential pesticide contamination showed greater indoor OP levels than outdoor ones (Whitmore et al, 1994;Simcox et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Environmental and biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides: Application to occupationally and non-occupationally exposed adult populations

Bouvier¹,

Blanchard

Momas³

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The purpose of the study was to assess non-dietary exposure of workers and the general population in the Paris area to some organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. In total, 21 workers from different occupational places (two greenhouses, three florist shops and three veterinary departments) and 20 subjects assumed to be non-occupationally exposed were recruited. Indoor air, hand wipes, and three first morning urine samples were collected. Seven OPs were measured by GC/ECD and GC/TSD, and six urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites by GC/PFPD. All indoor air samples from the workplaces and only one-third of the samples from the residences contained at least one of the seven OPs. However, almost all participants were dermally exposed to OPs. Total OP indoor air and cutaneous levels were significantly higher for workers than for the general population (air median = 185 pmol/m3 versus nondetectable, P < 0.0001; hands median = 1250 pmol/hands versus 475 pmol/hands, P = 0.03). From the air, gardeners and florists were mainly exposed to methyl-OPs and veterinary staff to ethyl-OPs (mainly diazinon). From their hands, all subjects were exposed to methyl-OPs, with gardeners and florists exposed to somewhat but not significantly higher levels. Ethyl-OPs were more found frequently and at higher levels on the hands of veterinary workers. Total OP levels in indoor air and from hand wipes were significantly correlated (Spearman R = 0.34, P = 0.03). DAP detection frequencies and levels were not different between workers and the general population (workers median=168 nmol/g creat and general population median = 241 nmol/g creat, P = 0.31), and did not correlate with air or hand levels. Subjects not occupationally exposed showed significant residential exposure to OPs, more frequently from their hands than from the air. Different occupations were associated with different exposure profiles and levels. The lack of differences in DAP levels between the different groups of exposure suggests that dietary exposure to OP residues and exposure to other OPs are involved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Environmental and biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides: Application to occupationally and non-occupationally exposed adult populations

Bouvier¹,

Blanchard

Momas³

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…1997) or immunosuppression (Blakley et al.1999; Luebke 2002) in humans, as well as increased health risks for pesticide applicators after occupational exposure (Cattani et al. 2001) and people living in homes that had been previously treated with organochlorine insecticides (Dingle et al. 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of chemical control options for invasive social insects in island ecosystems

Gentz

2009

J Applied Entomology

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Social insects present unique challenges to chemically based management strategies, especially because fast‐acting compounds commonly applied for many pest insects may not be the most effective for colony elimination. The reproductive caste of a colony is the most protected from direct damage by insecticides, and compounds that cause rapid mortality among foragers frequently do not impact the reproductive members or even markedly reduce overall colony size. With recent bans on persistent insecticides that previously have been used to control social insects, especially termites, new compounds must be used. Island and coastal ecosystems are particularly sensitive to the effects of widespread pesticide use and concerns about unintentional water pollution and runoff are common, and international attention is being paid to developing sustainable pesticide options for agricultural and urban pest insects in particularly sensitive environments. Given the precarious status of many native insects and arthropods care must be taken to minimize exposure to potentially harmful insecticides and the non‐target impacts of these chemicals. However, recent developments in the synthesis and discovery of highly selective insecticides with low mammalian and non‐target toxicity provide viable alternatives to the broad‐spectrum persistent organochlorine insecticides that have been largely deregistered. Novel technologies, particularly synthetic analogues of biologically active compounds, yield new chemical control options and management strategies for island and other sensitive ecosystems; case studies from Australia, the Galapagos Islands and New Zealand highlight current challenges and successes.

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Pesticide exposure of non-occupationally exposed subjects compared to some occupational exposure: A French pilot study

Bouvier

Blanchard

Momas

et al. 2006

Science of The Total Environment

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Pesticides in Homes in Western Australia

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental and biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides: Application to occupationally and non-occupationally exposed adult populations

Environmental and biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides: Application to occupationally and non-occupationally exposed adult populations

A review of chemical control options for invasive social insects in island ecosystems

Pesticide exposure of non-occupationally exposed subjects compared to some occupational exposure: A French pilot study

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