Pesticides and Human Health

Osman, Khansa

doi:10.5772/16516

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In animals and humans’ bodies, pesticides are metabolized, stored, excreted, and bioaccumulated in body fat. Pesticides can enter the body through various routes, e.g., inhalation, absorption through damaged skin, or ingestion [ 75 ]. Exposure to pesticides can be associated with numerous negative health effects such as dermatological, gastrointestinal, carcinogenic, respiratory, reproductive, and neurological effects.…”

Section: Pesticides In a Bee Environment And Their Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Leska,

Nowak,

Nowak

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Over the past two decades, there has been an alarming decline in the number of honey bee colonies. This phenomenon is called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Bee products play a significant role in human life and have a huge impact on agriculture, therefore bees are an economically important species. Honey has found its healing application in various sectors of human life, as well as other bee products such as royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen. There are many putative factors of CCD, such as air pollution, GMO, viruses, or predators (such as wasps and hornets). It is, however, believed that pesticides and microorganisms play a huge role in the mass extinction of bee colonies. Insecticides are chemicals that are dangerous to both humans and the environment. They can cause enormous damage to bees’ nervous system and permanently weaken their immune system, making them vulnerable to other factors. Some of the insecticides that negatively affect bees are, for example, neonicotinoids, coumaphos, and chlorpyrifos. Microorganisms can cause various diseases in bees, weakening the health of the colony and often resulting in its extinction. Infection with microorganisms may result in the need to dispose of the entire hive to prevent the spread of pathogens to other hives. Many aspects of the impact of pesticides and microorganisms on bees are still unclear. The need to deepen knowledge in this matter is crucial, bearing in mind how important these animals are for human life.

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Section: Pesticides In a Bee Environment And Their Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Leska,

Nowak,

Nowak

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…Therefore, the possible negative impact of O 3 treatment on fruits sensory quality warrants further study [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] . In some cases ozone may promote oxidation degradation of chemical constituents present in the grains, discoloration or development (Mendez et al (2003) and alter the amino acid and fatty acid profile in aqueous solutions (Richard and Brener, 1984) by oxidizing the sulfhydryl group (-SH) of amino acids and oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to peroxides [23] (Guzel-Seydim et al, 2004) thus influencing the nutritional and metabolic value of grain [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90] .…”

Section: Effect Of Wash Treatments On Vegetables Quality Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone as a Safety Post-Harvest Treatment for Chlorpyrifos Removal from Vegetables and its Effects on Vegetable Quality

Osman¹,

Fahad²,

Abdullah³

2017

IJFNS

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The removal of chlorpyrifos pesticide residues from vegetables was achieved by using low level of ozonated water (OZW) for 15-60 min as contact times at 25 and 35ºC. Recovered amount of chlorpyrifos was extracted using solid phase extraction (SPE) and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The initial levels of residual chlorpyrifos varied with the kind of vegetables, where arugula had the highest level followed by parsley, leek, tomato, carrot, cucumber, cabbage, and then bell pepper. When vegetables washed in OZW was at 25 ºC, the percentages of chlorpyrifos removal were time-dependent and ranged from 30-83, 91-97, 80-92, 92-95, 87-97, 95-97, 64-100 and 90-97% for bell pepper, tomato, cucumber, carrot, arugula, parsley, cabbage and leek, respectively. In case of vegetables washed with OZW at 35ºC, increasing of the contact time was not significantly effect on the removal percentages of chlorpyrifos except with arugula and cabbage. Likewise, the increasing of OZW temperature caused a negative consequence on the removal percentages of pesticide. The effect of these wash treatments on vegetable quality parameters indicated that the removing of chlorpyrifos by using OZW did not produce any significant undesirable effects on antioxidant capacity, total phenolic contents and vitamin C of the tested vegetables. Due to the large amount of vegetables consumed in fresh form, a higher risk of exposure to chlorpyrifos may occur and the search for a safety method to remove this pesticide with negligible residual deposits has always been preferred. Therefore, the present study validated that ozone technology as wash treatment is safe and promising processes for the removal of chlorpyrifos from the vegetable's surface under domestic conditions to reduce the impact over consumer's health.

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“…Pesticides contained in crops, soil, air, and water enter the food chain, posing a serious threat to living organisms. Furthermore, pesticides can enter the bodies of animals and humans through various routes, such as ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through damaged skin, and then be metabolized and bioaccumulated in body fat [ 3 ]. Pesticides also disturb the soil ecosystem and negatively affect the microbial diversity and fertility of agricultural lands by reducing seed quality [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binding and Detoxification of Insecticides by Potentially Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Environment—An In Vitro Study

Leska

Nowak

Miśkiewicz

et al. 2022

Cells

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) naturally inhabiting the digestive tract of honeybees are known for their ability to detoxify xenobiotics. The effect of chlorpyrifos, coumaphos, and imidacloprid on the growth of LAB strains was tested. All strains showed high resistance to these insecticides. Subsequently, the insecticide binding ability of LAB was investigated. Coumaphos and chlorpyrifos were bound to the greatest extent (up to approx. 64%), and imidacloprid to a much weaker extent (up to approx. 36%). The insecticides were detected in extra- and intracellular extracts of the bacterial cell wall. The ability of selected LAB to reduce the cyto- and genotoxicity of insecticides was tested on two normal (ovarian insect Sf-9 and rat intestinal IEC-6) cell lines and one cancer (human intestinal Caco-2) cell line. All strains exhibited various levels of reduction in the cyto- and genotoxicity of tested insecticides. It seems that coumaphos was detoxified most potently. The detoxification abilities depended on the insecticide, LAB strain, and cell line. The detoxification of insecticides in the organisms of honeybees may reduce the likelihood of the penetration of these toxins into honeybee products consumed by humans and may contribute to the improvement of the condition in apiaries and honeybee health.

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Pesticides and Human Health

Cited by 16 publications

References 67 publications

Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Ozone as a Safety Post-Harvest Treatment for Chlorpyrifos Removal from Vegetables and its Effects on Vegetable Quality

Binding and Detoxification of Insecticides by Potentially Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Environment—An In Vitro Study

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