Pesticide residues in some herbs growing in agricultural areas in Poland

Abstract

The aim of this paper was to assess residue content of plant protection products in selected herbs: Achillea millefolium L., Cichorium intybus L., Equisetum arvense L., Polygonum persicaria L., Plantago lanceolata L., and Plantago major L. The study comprises herbs growing in their natural habitat, 1 and 10 m away from crop fields. The herbs, 30 plants of each species, were sampled during the flowering stage between 1 and 20 July 2014. Pesticide residue content was measured with the QuECHERS method in the dry matter of leaves, stalks, and inflorescence, all mixed together. Out of six herb species growing close to wheat and maize fields, pesticide residues were found in three species: A. millefolium L., E. arvense L., and P. lanceolata L. Most plants containing the residues grew 1 m away from the wheat field. Two active substances of fungicides were found: diphenylamine and tebuconazole, and one active substance of insecticides: chlorpyrifos-ethyl. Those substances are illegal to use on herbal plants. Samples of E. arvense L. and P. lanceolata L. contained two active substances each, which constituted 10 % of all samples, while A. millefolium L. contained one substance, which is 6.6 % of all samples.

Micro QuEChERS-based method for the simultaneous biomonitoring in whole blood of 360 toxicologically relevant pollutants for wildlife

“…However, the presence of diphenylamine has been reported in gray partridge eggs from agricultural ecosystems (Bro et al, 2015). Moreover, the fact that it has also been found in herbs growing in agricultural areas (Malinowska and Jankowski, 2015), suggests that, independently from its origin, this compound is likely to easily penetrate the food chain (plants, arthropods, rodents, etc…), thus possibly reaching raptors. Metaflumizone was also found in a similar percentage of raptors (10.8%).…”

Heavy Metal Uptake by Herbs. V. Metal Accumulation and Physiological Effects Induced by Thiuram in Ocimum basilicum L.

“…Nowadays, basil is widely present in tropical and subtropical regions (Grayer et al 1996 ; Javanmardi et al 2002 ; Stefan et al 2013 ). In Europe, the cultivation of this plants is concentrated mainly in the Mediterranean area (Golcz and Seidler-Łożykowska 2008 ), but it is also grown in east and central European countries, with Poland being one of the major suppliers (Nurzyńska-Wierdak 2012 ; Malinowska and Jankowski 2015 ). Modern cultivation practices reduced impact of pests on crops quite significantly indeed (Bianchi et al 2006 ).…”

Estimation of Pesticide Residues in Selected Products of Plant Origin from Poland with the Use of the HPLC-MS/MS Technique

“…Spices (22)-black pepper (4), bay leaf (1), orange skin (1), fruit of caraway (3), curcuma (1), nutmeg (1), allspice (1), ginger (1), herbal spice (4), herbal pepper substitute (3), Herbes de Provence (2).…”