Pesticide Residue Monitoring on South African Fresh Produce Exported over a 6-Year Period

Mutengwe, Mbulaheni Thomas; Chidamba, Lizyben; Korsten, Lisé

doi:10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-022

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…By pointing pesticides as dangerous for human health and that they can be found in tomatoes marketed, they have probably learned from surveys on farmers and pesticides use in Kenya (Nyakundi et al, 2010;Mutuku et al, 2014) and worldwide (Nunifant, 2011;Huynh, 2014;Jamali et al, 2014;Paiboon and Tikampom, 2014;Kariathi et al, 2016). Similarly, respondents might be aware of pesticide multiple residues presence on vegetables demonstrated in South Africa, Sudan, Kuwait and in the European Union (Mutengwe et al, 2016, Hammad et al, 2017Jallow et al, 2017;EFSA, 2017). Some interviewees might be aware of reports on chemical misuse in tomatoes farms (Latif et al, 2011;Firas, 2015;Mutai et al, 2015;Kamuri and Basavaraja, 2018).…”

Section: Consumers' General Awareness Of Pesticides and Pathogens On mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumers awareness of the presence of pathogenic bacteria and pesticide residues on tomatoes sold in Nairobi

Nguetti¹,

Imungi²,

Okoth³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Tomato consumed worldwide for its vitamins and bioactive elements can harbor postharvest bacteria and pesticide residues. A cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was done in 101 households in Kangemi assessing consumers' awareness on pesticide residues and bacterial presence on tomatoes sold in Nairobi. Questionnaire was administered in Kangemi during weekends, systematic random sampling was applied during household recruitment. Data analyses used SPSS; analytical tools included means, standard deviation, binomial test and bivariate correlation. Male (64.86±0.48) had better awareness on pesticides on tomato (p=0.037) and consumers of 36 to 53 years old were more knowledgeable (58.29±0.34) than others. Awareness with education level was significant at 95% level of confidence (p=0.044); 86% respondents were more conversant with pathogens than with pesticides and 97% knew that pesticides were used in farms (p= 0.0001). About 91% indicated that pesticides are dangerous for health and 74% related pesticides in farms to their presence on tomatoes in markets (p= 0.0001). However, 74% believed that washing provides tomatoes without pesticides (p= 0.0001) while 65% mentioned that pesticides can be present on tomato eaten as salad (p= 0.004). Consumers' knowledge was insufficient on tomato with pesticides; this can be improved through information, communication and education.

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Section: Consumers' General Awareness Of Pesticides and Pathogens On mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumers awareness of the presence of pathogenic bacteria and pesticide residues on tomatoes sold in Nairobi

Nguetti¹,

Imungi²,

Okoth³

et al. 2019

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…El tomate es una de las hortalizas más consumidas en el mundo debido a su calidad nutricional y organoléptica y su excelente sabor (Erdem et al, 2015;Mutengwe et al, 2016;Sánchez et al, 2019). A nivel mundial se cultiva en un área de aproximadamente 3.9 millones de has, lo que da un rendimiento final de aproximadamente 141 millones de t. En 2014, China fue el mayor productor de tomate del mundo, que cubrió aproximadamente 1/3 de la producción total, el segundo mayor productor fue Estados Unidos, seguido de Turquía e India (EFSA, 2017;Alam et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…En el mundo los plaguicidas causan un fuerte impacto ambiental y en la salud pública a niveles críticos considerables (Firas, 2015;Mutengwe et al, 2016;EFSA, 2017), existiendo fallas de operatividad en la legislación vigente que está orientada a sólo regular el registro y comercialización de los plaguicidas, tal es caso de la costa ecuatoriana en la que se reportan más de 25 aplicaciones de plaguicidas en el ciclo del cultivo del tomate, y su aplicación indiscriminada origina problemas en el agroecosistema como la resistencia y surgimiento de plagas y enfermedades, antes consideradas secundarios, la eliminación de organismos benéficos (MAGAP, 2013). Así mismo la acumulación de residuos tóxicos en los frutos, con el riesgo directo para la salud de quien los maneja, así como para los consumidores que conlleva al aparecimiento de enfermedades crónicas: tumores, problemas orgánicos y cáncer (Erdem et al, 2015;Firas, 2015;EFSA, 2017;Leong et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diagnóstico De Uso E Impactos De Plaguicidas en El Cultivo De Tomate (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) en La Parroquia Riochico, Cantón Portoviejo, Provincia De Manabí, Ecuador

Bravo-Zamora¹,

Villafuerte-Barreto²,

Peñarrieta-Bravo³

et al. 2020

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El tomate es cultivado en todos los continentes y representa una de las principales fuentes de vitaminas y minerales, lo cual lo hace muy apetecido en el consumo diario de los hogares. Ante el resurgimiento de nuevas plagas en el cultivo de tomate los productores aplican indiscriminadamente plaguicidas, provocando efectos negativos para el ambiente y la salud humana. El objetivo fue diagnosticar el uso e impactos de plaguicidas en el cultivo de tomate en la parroquia Riochico, cantón Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. Se utilizó el método deductivo e inductivo, sobre los agricultores dedicados a la actividad tomatera, lo cual permitió diagnosticar, describir y determinar el impacto en la sostenibilidad agroecológica por el uso indiscriminado de plaguicidas. Los resultados mostraron que las aplicaciones de plaguicidas se las realiza sin criterio técnico y se sitúan entre 35 a 40 aplicaciones durante el ciclo de este cultivo y lo aplican hasta <de 8 días antes de colocar el tomate en el mercado. Los agricultores de este sector aplican incorrectamente insecticidas a dosis superiores a las recomendadas, afectando a la salud humana y al ambiente, además, algunos aplican plaguicidas por sugerencias de otro agricultor, lo cual incide en el uso y manejo de agroquímicos, sin criterio técnico. Es necesario que el gobierno ecuatoriano implemente medidas a fin de preservar la salud de los productores y consumidores.

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“…These residues can threaten human health but also hamper international trade, forcing the monitoring of the remaining residues in both, fruits and products derived from the citrus chain production. The omnipresence of pesticide residues in citrus products was pointed out as over a total of 8920 analyzed citrus fruits in South Africa, 84% contained traces of imidazole-benzimidazole fungicides and 14% of organophosphorus insecticides [5]. In China, imazalil and thiabendazole residues were determined in 19 orange and 21 mandarin samples using UHPLC-QTOF-MS and automated MS/MS library searching [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods for the routinely evaluation of pesticide residues in lemon fruits and by products

et al. 2019

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Citrus fruits and their by-products such as concentrated juices and essential oils are important intermediate by-products in the food industry that can selectively accumulate plant protection agrochemicals employed in their production. They are very difficult matrices for pesticide residue analysis due their high number and concentration of phytochemicals that could hamper the determinations. The fruit processing leads to the concentration/dilution or elimination of some of these natural products that change totally the nature of the matrix where the pesticides partition unevenly. Looking at the industrial process of the fruit, a unified vision for the pesticide residues analysis throughout the lemon fruit chain production, useful for the routine analysis of the above mentioned three matrices is presented. The driven concept is the minimization of matrix effects through sample dilution of the concentrated by-products, either after sample treatment or not. This approach will contribute to the maintenance of the whole instrumental system. QuEChERS AOAC 2007.01 was selected as the most suitable protocol for routine determination of, residues of 16 the pesticides most commonly used in the fruits during the citrus production through liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The same protocol was applied for pesticide residue analysis in concentrated juice after diluting 4 times the sample to minimize the matrix effects. For the analysis of lemon essential oils, the dilution and shoot procedure proved to be useful for LC-MS/MS and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry determination. The three methodologies were validated following SANTE guidelines, with quantitation limits below the established European Union and Codex Alimentarius maximum residue limits. The developed methodologies are useful tools for the routine control analysis of pesticide residues in lemon matrices, allowing high sample throughput and enhancing labs productivity.

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Pesticide Residue Monitoring on South African Fresh Produce Exported over a 6-Year Period

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Consumers awareness of the presence of pathogenic bacteria and pesticide residues on tomatoes sold in Nairobi

Consumers awareness of the presence of pathogenic bacteria and pesticide residues on tomatoes sold in Nairobi

Diagnóstico De Uso E Impactos De Plaguicidas en El Cultivo De Tomate (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) en La Parroquia Riochico, Cantón Portoviejo, Provincia De Manabí, Ecuador

Analytical methods for the routinely evaluation of pesticide residues in lemon fruits and by products

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