Pesticide exposure and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yan, Dandan; Zhang, Yunjian; Liu, Liegang; Yan, Hong

doi:10.1038/srep32222

Cited by 128 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…34 Moreover, adverse health outcome may develop after a substantial delay, as has been suggested for early-life exposures to certain pesticides that may trigger subsequent development of degenerative nervous system disease at a younger age than anticipated. 35 Similar observations refer to cancer development. For example, rats treated with aspartame at low doses from pre-natal life have been reported to develop higher incidence of malignant tumours compared with rats first treated at maturity.…”

Section: Vulnerable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Puberty also may represent an additional vulnerable time window . Moreover, adverse health outcome may develop after a substantial delay, as has been suggested for early‐life exposures to certain pesticides that may trigger subsequent development of degenerative nervous system disease at a younger age than anticipated . Similar observations refer to cancer development.…”

Section: Vulnerable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Timescales of developmental toxicity impacting on research and needs for intervention

Grandjean

Abdennebi-Najar

Barouki

et al. 2018

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Much progress has happened in understanding developmental vulnerability to preventable environmental hazards. Along with the improved insight, the perspective has widened, and developmental toxicity now involves latent effects that can result in delayed adverse effects in adults or at old age and additional effects that can be transgenerationally transferred to future generations. Although epidemiology and toxicology to an increasing degree are exploring the adverse effects from developmental exposures in human beings, the improved documentation has resulted in little progress in protection, and few environmental chemicals are currently regulated to protect against developmental toxicity, whether it be neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption or other adverse outcome. The desire to obtain a high degree of certainty and verification of the evidence used for decision-making must be weighed against the costs and necessary duration of research, as well as the long-term costs to human health because of delayed protection of vulnerable early-life stages of human development and, possibly, future generations. Although two-generation toxicology tests may be useful for initial test purposes, other rapidly emerging tools need to be seriously considered from computational chemistry and metabolomics to CLARITY-BPA-type designs, big data and population record linkage approaches that will allow efficient generation of new insight; epigenetic mechanisms may necessitate a set of additional regulatory tests to reveal such effects. As reflected by the Prenatal Programming and Toxicity (PPTOX) VI conference, the current scientific understanding and the timescales involved require an intensified approach to protect against preventable adverse health effects that can harm the next generation and generations to come. While further research is needed, the main emphasis should be on research translation and timely public health intervention to avoid serious, irreversible and perhaps transgenerational harm.

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Section: Vulnerable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Vulnerable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 89%

Timescales of developmental toxicity impacting on research and needs for intervention

Grandjean

Abdennebi-Najar

Barouki

et al. 2018

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Section: Epidemiological Links Between Pesticide Exposure and Alzheimmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of reported epidemiological links have been presented [38,51,52]. A meta-analysis of past reports in 2016 (which included 3 cohort studies and 4 case-control studies) has concluded that pesticide exposure is positively associated with AD (OR, 95% CI: 1.34, 1.08-1.67) [51]. Another, more recent meta-analysis in 2019 of 19 studies of occupational exposures to multiple agents on neurodegenerative diseases (13 on AD) has also concluded that occupational exposure to pesticides increased the risk of AD (weighted relative risk (RR), 95% CI: 1.50, 0.98-2.29) [52].…”

Section: Epidemiological Links Between Pesticide Exposure and Alzheimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathological Mechanisms Associated with Pesticides in Alzheimer’s Disease

Tang

2020

Toxics

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Environmental toxicants have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, and pesticide exposure is a suspected environmental risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several epidemiological analyses have affirmed a link between pesticides and incidence of sporadic AD. Meanwhile, in vitro and animal models of AD have shed light on potential neuropathological mechanisms. In this paper, a perspective on neuropathological mechanisms underlying pesticides’ induction of AD is provided. Proposed mechanisms range from generic oxidative stress induction in neurons to more AD-specific processes involving amyloid-beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau). Mechanisms that are more speculative or indirect in nature, including somatic mutation, epigenetic modulation, impairment of adult neurogenesis, and microbiota dysbiosis, are also discussed. Chronic toxicity mechanisms of environmental pesticide exposure crosstalks in complex ways and could potentially be mutually enhancing, thus making the deciphering of simplistic causal relationships difficult.

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“…Background There is increasing evidence suggesting the role of environmental factors in the development of dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD) [1][2][3]. One systematic review including a meta-analysis reported a positive association between pesticide exposure and AD [4]. Since polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OCs) pesticides, also known as persistent OC compounds, were reported to induce cognitive, motor and behavioral deficits in animal models through a number of potential modes of action [5,6], growing interest in ascertaining their relationship with cognitive impairment [7][8][9][10][11], allcause dementia and AD [12][13][14][15] and Lewy pathology [16] has been mostly noticed in recent years.…”

Section: Abstract: Alzheimer's Disease Dementia Cognitive Declinementioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

et al. 2019

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Background: Little attention has been paid to neurotoxicants on the risk of dementia. Exposure to known neurotoxicants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides is suspected to have adverse cognitive effects in older populations. Objective: To assess whether plasma concentrations of PCBs and OC pesticides are associated with the risk of cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and of all-cause dementia in the Canadian older population. Methods: Analyses were based on data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, a 3-phase, 10-year populationbased study of individuals aged 65+ years. Analyses included 669 clinically assessed subjects, of which 156 developed dementia including 108 incident cases of AD. Subjects were screened at each phase with the 100-point Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS), a measurement of global cognitive function. Statistical analyses included Cox proportional hazards model when the outcome was dementia or AD, and a repeated-measure mixed model when the outcome was the 3MS score. (Continued on next page)

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Pesticide exposure and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 128 publications

References 46 publications

Timescales of developmental toxicity impacting on research and needs for intervention

Timescales of developmental toxicity impacting on research and needs for intervention

Neuropathological Mechanisms Associated with Pesticides in Alzheimer’s Disease

Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

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