Pesticide exposure and cognitive decline in a rural South Korean population

Kim, Jae Yeop; Park, Sung jin; Kim, Sung Kyung; Kim, Chang Soo; Kim, Tae Hei; Min, Seong Ho; Oh, Sung Soo; Koh, Sang Baek

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213738

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Further, leafy vegetables with the most violations of MRLs in our study in South Korea were not harmful to health by a risk assessment. However, as chronic exposure to pesticides may reduce cognitive abilities, the elderly and the weak should be careful about the intake and exposure of pesticides [ 39 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Park¹,

Yang²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Foods

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: Leafy vegetables are widely consumed in South Korea, especially in the form of kimchi and namul (seasoned vegetables) and are used for wrapping meat. Therefore, the management of pesticide residues in leafy vegetables is very important. A total of 17,977 samples (49 leafy vegetables) were mainly collected in the largest production area of leafy vegetables (Gwangju Metropolitan City and Chonnam Province) in South Korea. They were analyzed within the government’s monitoring programs (Gwangju Metropolitan City) of pesticide residues between 2005 and 2019. Pesticide residues were found in 2815 samples (15.7%), and 426 samples (2.4%) from among these exceeded the specified maximum residue limits (MRLs). Samples exceeding the MRLs were mostly detected in spinach, ssamchoo (brassica lee ssp. namai), crown daisy, lettuce, and perilla leaves. Azoxystrobin, dimethomorph, and procymidone were the most frequently detected pesticides. However, procymidone, diniconazole, and lufenuron were found to most frequently exceed the MRLs. The rate of MRLs exceeding has been managed below the average (2.4%) more recently than in the past in this area. Further, leafy vegetables with the most violations of the MRLs in our study in South Korea were not harmful to health by a risk assessment (the range of the hazard index was 0.001–7.6%).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Park¹,

Yang²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…Furthermore, given that the cognitive decline rate of the elderly group was more rapid than that of middle-aged people [ 5 , 35 ], we also conducted subgroup analyses to determine whether there was support for effect measure modification of age. Consistent with previous studies [ 36 , 37 ], we chose a cut-off of 60 years for these subgroup analyses. To make our results nationally representative, a sample weight, which was calculated using an inverse probability method, was used under the correction for household and individual non-response as well as non-participation in the blood collection [ 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific associations between lipids and cognitive decline in the middle-aged and elderly: a cohort study of Chinese adults

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Alz Res Therapy

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Background Studies regarding the lipid-cognition relationship have increasingly gained popularity but have generated much mixed results. To date, few studies have focused on the difference between sexes. Methods This study included 6792 Chinese adults aged over 45 years (women, 48.56%; mean age, 57.28 years), who were free of severe conditions known to affect cognitive function at the baseline (2011). Blood concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and triglycerides (TG) were assessed at baseline, and both continuous and categorical values were used in final analyses. Global cognitive functions were assessed by the word recall test and the mental status test in 2011, 2013, and 2015, respectively. We graded participants into three groups according to the cognitive change slopes: no decline (≥ 0), moderate decline (median to 0), and severe decline (< median). Sex-specific associations between blood lipids and cognitive decline were analyzed using ordinal logistic models, adjusting for sociodemographic information, lifestyle behaviors, and health status. Results Higher baseline TC and LDL-C concentrations exhibited no significant association with 5-year cognitive decline in men but were significantly associated with greater 5-year cognitive decline in women [odds ratio (OR) 1.026, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.003, 1.050; OR 1.026, CI 1.002, 1.051, respectively]. For higher serum HDL-c levels, a significantly protective effect on cognition was observed in men, but a slightly adverse effect was found in women (not significant after Bonferroni correction). TG presented almost no effect on later cognition in either sex. Conclusion Different associations between sexes were observed for the lipid-cognition relationship, and maintaining serum cholesterol levels at an appropriate range may have a positive effect on cognitive health.

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“…Studies in both LMIC and high-income countries have suggested that there may be long-term health effects of APPs [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Two studies in Ethiopia and South Africa have reported associations of APPs with adverse long-term neurobehavioral outcomes, such as dizziness, sleepiness, headache, and overall neurological symptom scores [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Neurological and Psychological Distress Symptoms among Smallholder Farmers in Costa Rica with a History of Acute Pesticide Poisoning

Farnham

Fuhrimann

Staudacher

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Studies suggest that acute pesticide poisonings (APP) may be linked with long-term neurological effects. To examine long-term neurological and psychological distress symptoms associated with having experienced an APP, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 300 conventional and organic smallholder farmers from Zarcero County, Costa Rica, May–August 2016. We collected self-reported data on sociodemographic characteristics, occupational history, pesticide exposure, APPs, neurological and psychological distress symptoms (using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI)). Adjusted logistic regression models were fit. A total of 14% of the farmers (98% male) reported experiencing at least one APP during their lifetime. Self-reported APP was associated with neurological symptoms during the 12 months prior to interview (e.g., fainting (Odds Ratio: 7.48, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.83, 30.74), shaking hands (3.50; 1.60, 7.60), numbness/tingling in hands or feet (3.23; 1.66, 6.32), insomnia (2.53; 1.34, 4.79), accelerated heartrate (2.42; 1.03, 5.47), dizziness (2.38; 1.19, 4.72), increased irritability/anger (2.37; 1.23, 4.55), low energy (2.33; 1.23, 4.46), and difficulty concentrating (2.01; 1.05, 3.85)). Farmers who reported an APP in the ten years prior to interview experienced increased odds of abnormal BSI scores for hostility (4.51; 1.16, 17.70) and paranoid ideation (3.76; 0.99, 18.18). Having experienced an APP may be associated with long-term neurological and psychological distress symptoms.

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Pesticide exposure and cognitive decline in a rural South Korean population

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Pesticide Residues and Risk Assessment from Monitoring Programs in the Largest Production Area of Leafy Vegetables in South Korea: A 15-Year Study

Sex-specific associations between lipids and cognitive decline in the middle-aged and elderly: a cohort study of Chinese adults

Long-Term Neurological and Psychological Distress Symptoms among Smallholder Farmers in Costa Rica with a History of Acute Pesticide Poisoning

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