Pest categorisation of non‐EU viruses and viroids of potato

et al. 2020

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of four phytoplasmas of tuber‐forming Solanum spp. known to occur only outside the EU or having a limited presence in the EU . The only tuber‐forming species of Solanum reported to be phytoplasma infected is S. tuberosum . This opinion covers ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma americanum’, ‘ Ca . P. aurantifolia’‐related strains ( GD 32; St_ JO _10, 14, 17; PPT ‐ SA ; Rus‐343F; PPT ‐ GTO 29, ‐ GTO 30, ‐ SINTV ; Potato Huayao Survey 2; Potato hair sprouts), ‘ Ca . P. fragariae’‐related strains ( YN ‐169, YN ‐10G) and ‘ Ca . P. pruni’‐related strains (Clover yellow edge; Potato purple top AK pot7, MT 117, AK pot6; PPT ‐ COAHP , ‐ GTOP ). Phytoplasmas can be detected by molecular methods and are efficiently transmitted by vegetative propagation. Phytoplasmas are also transmitted in a persistent and propagative manner by some insects belonging to families within Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha and Sternorrhyncha (order Hemiptera). No transovarial, pollen or seed transmission has been reported. The reported natural host range of the phytoplasmas categorised here varies from restricted (‘ Ca . P. americanum’, and ‘ Ca . P. fragariae’‐related strains) to wide (‘ Ca . P. aurantifolia’‐related strains and ‘ Ca . P. pruni’‐related strains), thus increasing the possible entry pathways in the latter case. S. tuberosum is widely cultivated in the EU . All the categorised phytoplasmas can enter and spread through the trade of host plants for planting, and by vectors. Establishment of these phytoplasmas is not expected to be limited by EU environmental conditions. The introduction of these phytoplasmas in the EU would have an economic impact. There are measures to reduce the risk of entry, establishment, spread and impact. Uncertainties result from limited information on distribution, biology and epidemiology. All the phytoplasmas categorised here meet the criteria evaluated by EFSA to qualify as potential Union quarantine pests, and they do not meet all the criteria to qualify as potential regulated non‐quarantine pests, because they do not occur or are not known to be widespread in the EU . ...

“…Potato is widely grown in the EU, as reported e.g. in the pest categorisation of non-EU viruses and viroids of potato (EFSA PLH Panel et al, 2020c).…”

Section: Eu Distribution Of Main Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of the non‐EU phytoplasmas of tuber‐forming Solanum spp.

Bragard¹,

et al. 2020

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Pest categorisation of potato virus M (non‐EU isolates)

Bragard¹,

et al. 2020

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Following a request from the EU Commission, the Panel on Plant Health has addressed the pest categorisation of non-EU isolates of potato virus M (PVM). The information currently available on geographical distribution, biology, epidemiology, potential entry pathways, potential additional impact compared to the current situation in the EU and availability of control measures of non-EU isolates of PVM has been evaluated with regard to the criteria to qualify as a potential Union quarantine pest. Because non-EU isolates of PVM are absent from the EU, they do not meet one of the requirements to be regulated as a regulated non-quarantine pest (RNQP) (presence in the EU); as a consequence, the Panel decided not to evaluate the other RNQP criteria for these isolates. Populations of PVM can be subdivided into two strains: the ordinary strain (PVM-O) is present in the EU, while the divergent strain (PVM-D) is absent from the EU or considered to have at most a limited distribution in the EU. Non-EU isolates of PVM-O are not expected to have an additional impact in the EU compared to EU isolates and therefore do not meet the corresponding criterion to qualify as a potential Union quarantine pest. The Panel is unable to conclude on the potential impact of non-EU PVM-D isolates in the EU territory, but PVM-D isolates meet all the other criteria to qualify as a potential Union quarantine pest.

Pest categorisation of potato virus S (non‐EU isolates)

Bragard¹,

et al. 2020

EFS2

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Following a request from the EU Commission, the Panel on Plant Health has addressed the pest categorisation of non-EU isolates of potato virus S (PVS). The information currently available on geographical distribution, biology, epidemiology, potential entry pathways, potential additional impact compared to the current situation in the EU, and availability of control measures of non-EU isolates of PVS has been evaluated with regard to the criteria to qualify as potential Union quarantine pest. Because non-EU isolates of PVS are absent from the EU, they do not meet one of the requirements to be regulated as an RNQP (presence in the EU); as a consequence, the Panel decided not to evaluate the other RNQP criteria for these isolates. Populations of PVS can be subdivided into two strains: the ordinary strain (PVS-O) with a worldwide distribution (including the EU), and the Andean strain (PVS-A) which is absent from the EU or considered to have at most a limited distribution in the EU. Two additional divergent isolates (PVS-A/PVS-O recombinants and PVS-arracacha) have also been categorised. Non-EU isolates of PVS-A are expected to have an additional impact as compared to the PVS isolates currently present in the EU, and therefore meet all the criteria to qualify as potential Union quarantine pests; the magnitude of the additional impact is, however, unknown. Non-EU isolates of PVS-A/PVS-O recombinants and of PVS-arracacha also meet these criteria, with the exception of the criterion regarding the potential additional consequences in the EU territory for which the Panel was unable to conclude. Non-EU PVS-O isolates are not expected to have an additional impact in the EU as compared to EU isolates and therefore do not meet the corresponding criterion.