Pesquisa do vírus T-linfotrópico humano (HTLV) em amostras de secreção cérvico-vaginal de mulheres, em Belém, Pará, Brasil

Pereira, Cássia Cristine Costa; Roque, Debora Glenda Lima de La; Albuquerque, Rosilma dos Santos; Silva, Ingrid Christiane; Covre, Louise de Souza Canto; Nobre, Akim Felipe Santos; Reis, Maria de Nazaré Lima dos; Assis, Izabela Mendonça de; Souza, Josiellem Damasceno de; Moraes, Suellen Souza de; Santos, Paula Fernanda Sant’Anna Lima; Silva, Lidia Bolivar Luz da; Almeida, Danilo de Souza; Sousa, Maísa Silva de

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i4.13867

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The presence of HTLV-1 has been detected in semen and cervicovaginal secretions from infected individuals. Although greater efficacy of male-to-female sexual transmission has been reported, female-to-male transmission also occurs and should therefore not be neglected [5][6][7][8]. HTLV-1 mainly infects CD4+ T lymphocytes, as well as CD8+ T lymphocytes to a lesser extent [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-1 Proviral Load in Vaginal Fluid Correlates With Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Firmino¹,

Filho²,

Martins³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is higher in women, and sexual intercourse has been described as an important route of male-to-female transmission. The present study aimed to quantify HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) in vaginal fluid, and to investigate correlations with PVL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: HTLV-1-infected women were consecutively recruited at a multidisciplinary center for HTLV patients in Salvador-Brazil. All women underwent gynecological examinations to obtain cervicovaginal fluid and venipuncture for blood collection. PVL, as measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), was expressed as the number of copies of HTLV-1/106 cells in blood and vaginal fluid samples. Light microscopy was used to assess cervicovaginal cytopathology and vaginal microbiota. Results: In the 56 included women (43 asymptomatic carriers and 13 diagnosed with HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis-HAM/TSP), mean age was 35.9 (SD±7.2) years. PVL was higher in PBMCs [median: 23,264 copies/106 cells (IQR: 7,420 - 64,371)] than in vaginal fluid [451.9 copies/106 cells (IQR: 0 - 2,672)] (p<0.0001). PVL in PBMCs was observed to correlate directly with PVL in vaginal fluid (R=0.32, p=0.01). PVL was undetectable in vaginal fluid samples from 20 women (35.7%), most of whom were asymptomatic (19/20). Cytopathologic analyses revealed no differences between women with detectable or undetectable PVL. Conclusion: HTLV-1 proviral load is detectable in vaginal fluid and correlates directly with proviral load in peripheral blood. This finding suggests that sexual transmission of HTLV-1 from female to male may occur and vertical transmission, particularly in the context of vaginal delivery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-1 Proviral Load in Vaginal Fluid Correlates With Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Firmino¹,

Filho²,

Martins³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of HTLV-1 has been detected in semen and cervicovaginal secretions from infected individuals [ 5 , 6 ]. Although a greater efficacy of male-to-female sexual transmission has been reported, female-to-male transmission also occurs and should therefore not be neglected [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV-1 Proviral Load in Vaginal Fluid Correlates with Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection is higher in women, and sexual intercourse has been described as an important route of male-to-female transmission. The present study aimed to quantify HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) in vaginal fluid, and to investigate correlations with PVL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, cytopathological alterations and vaginal microbiota were evaluated. Methods: HTLV-1-infected women were consecutively recruited at a multidisciplinary center for HTLV patients in Salvador, Brazil. All women underwent gynecological examinations to obtain cervicovaginal fluid and venipuncture for blood collection. PVL, as measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR), was expressed as the number of copies of HTLV-1/106 cells in blood and vaginal fluid samples. Light microscopy was used to assess cervicovaginal cytopathology and vaginal microbiota. Results: In the 56 included women (43 asymptomatic carriers and 13 diagnosed with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis—HAM/TSP), mean age was 35.9 (SD ± 7.2) years. PVL was higher in PBMCs (median: 23,264 copies/106 cells; IQR: 6776–60,036) than in vaginal fluid (451.9 copies/106 cells; IQR: 0–2490) (p < 0.0001). PVL in PBMCs was observed to correlate directly with PVL in vaginal fluid (R = 0.37, p = 0.006). PVL was detected in the vaginal fluid of 24 of 43 (55.8%) asymptomatic women compared to 12 of 13 (92.3%) HAM/TSP patients, p = 0.02. Cytopathologic analyses revealed no differences between women with detectable or undetectable PVL. Conclusion: HTLV-1 proviral load is detectable in vaginal fluid and correlates directly with proviral load in peripheral blood. This finding suggests that sexual transmission of HTLV-1 from females to males may occur, as well as vertical transmission, particularly in the context of vaginal delivery.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for HTLV-1/2 Infection inRiverside and Rural Populations of the State of Pará

Lima

Lopes

Freitas

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Human T-lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) infection has been described in several Amazonian populations; however, there is still a lack of data on the prevalence of the virus in riparian populations living in rural areas of the state of Pará. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection in four riverine communities and one rural area in the state of Pará and to describe the possible risk factors for infection. A total of 907 individuals responded to an epidemiological survey and gave blood samples collected for anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by immunoenzymatic assay (EIA). The serum-reactive samples were subjected to confirmation by an in-line assay (Inno-Lia) and by proviral DNA screening using real-time PCR (qPCR). The total prevalence was 0.8% (7/907) for HTLV-1/2 (CI: 0.2−1.3%), with 0.66% HTLV-1 and 0.11% HTLV-2. The prevalence by sex was 0.7% in women (4/565) and 0.9% in men (3/342). Among seropositive patients, 83.3% (5/7) reported being sexually active, and 57.1% (4/7) reported not having the habit of using condoms during their sexual relations. Intrafamily infection was also observed. The results reinforce the need for public policies to prevent and block the spread of HTLV, especially in riparian communities that are subject to difficulties in accessing the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde/SUS) because infected individuals need clinical monitoring for surveillance and early diagnosis of symptoms associated with HTLV-1.

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Pesquisa do vírus T-linfotrópico humano (HTLV) em amostras de secreção cérvico-vaginal de mulheres, em Belém, Pará, Brasil

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

HTLV-1 Proviral Load in Vaginal Fluid Correlates With Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

HTLV-1 Proviral Load in Vaginal Fluid Correlates With Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

HTLV-1 Proviral Load in Vaginal Fluid Correlates with Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Prevalence and Risk Factors for HTLV-1/2 Infection inRiverside and Rural Populations of the State of Pará

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