PESQUISA DE Staphylococcus aureus NAS MAÇANETAS DAS PORTAS DOS QUARTOS DE UM HOSPITAL DA REGIÃO NOROESTE DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Abstract

Resumo: As infecções hospitalares constituem grave problema de saúde pública que contribuem no prolongamento do tempo de internação, aumento de custos e da morbimortalidade nessas instituições. De caráter multicausal, agravado pelo fenômeno de resistência microbiana, a situação pode acometer não apenas pacientes, mas também os profissionais de saúde que entrarem em contato com o ambiente contaminado. O S. aureus é um importante patógeno e causador de infecções hospitalares. Devido à possibilidade de sua transmissão via fômites, objetivouse analisar a freqüência de S. aureus nas maçanetas interna e externa dos quartos de pacientes de um hospital da região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram 78 amostras, 39 internas e 39 externas. Obtevese 19,23% de positividade para S. aureus. Quanto ao perfil de resistência antimicrobiana, 73,33% apresentaramse sensíveis à oxacilina, 6,67% intermediários e 20% resistentes. Quanto a cefoxitina, 86,67% eram sensíveis, 13,33% resistentes e nenhum com perfil intermediário.Descritores: Staphyloccocus aureus, Infecção hospitalar, Fômites, Maçanetas. Research of Staphylococcus aureus in door handles of rooms from a hospital in the northwest region, Rio Grande do SulAbstract: Hospital infections constitute a serious public health problem, which contribute to the prolongation of hospitalization, and increasing costs, morbidity and mortality in these institutions. Of multicausal character, aggravated by antimicrobial resistance phenomena, the situation may affect not only patients, but also health professionals who come into contact with the contaminated environment. S. aureus is an important pathogen and common cause of nosocomial infections. Considering the possibility of its transmission via fomites, this work analyzed the frequency of S. aureus on the door handles inside and outside the rooms of patients at a hospital in the northwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul.

Epidemiology of bacterial contamination of inert hospital surfaces and equipment in critical and non-critical care units: a Brazilian multicenter study

“…Our findings showed a high percentage of methicillin-resistant isolates of CoNS and mostly S. aureus . The frequency of MRSA recovered from the ER (28.3%) was similar to that reported in the literature [12] (20.0%), while the frequency of MRSA recovered from the AICU (52.7%) was higher than that found in Brazil [39] (41.8%) and lower than international rates [40] (67.3%). The presence of MRSA in both hospitals analyzed reflects the persistence of this pathogen in the environment [34], as observed in another tertiary hospital in the Middle East in five rooms and two nursing stations in the AICU and PICU.…”

“…In the hospital setting, patients, staff and visitors represent the main reservoir of microorganisms, whereas secondary reservoirs include all environments where nutrients, moisture, and temperature are suitable for microbial survival, such as air humidifiers and nebulizers [5,6]. In addition, dry and inanimate surfaces can also serve as a reservoir of pathogens [3,5,7-9], as in mattresses and bed frames [4,10,11], door knobs [11,12], and even in medical equipment such as stethoscopes and ultrasound devices [7-11]. Contamination of these surfaces contributes to pathogen spreading and, as a result, development of horizontal infections [13-14].…”

Epidemiology of Bacterial Contamination of Inert Hospital Surfaces and Equipment in Critical and Non-critical Care Units: A Brazilian Study

“…In the hospital setting, patients, staff and visitors represent the main reservoir of microorganisms, whereas secondary reservoirs include all environments where nutrients, moisture, and temperature are suitable for microbial survival, such as air humidifiers and nebulizers [5,6]. In addition, dry and inanimate surfaces can also serve as a reservoir of pathogens [3,5,[7][8][9], as in mattresses and bed frames [4,10,11], door knobs [11,12], and even in medical equipment such as stethoscopes and ultrasound devices [7][8][9][10][11]. Contamination of these surfaces contributes to pathogen spreading and, as a result, development of infections by horizontal transmission [13][14].…”

“…Highly touched surfaces (e.g. bed frames, stethoscopes, bedside tables, and door knobs) [11][12][13] may be contaminated by common bacteria of the hand microbiota. More importantly, MDR bacteria have been detected on medical equipment and contact surfaces, especially in critical care units [10,15,16].…”

Análise microbiológicas das maçanetas da clí­nica médica de um hospital público do interior da Amazônia

“…A partir disso, ressaltam -se os fômites como um importante desafio para o controle e prevenção de IRAS, pois estes podem servir como reservatórios secundários e acarretar contaminação cruzada. Em vista disso, as maçanetas das portas dos setores hospitalares constituem um fômite de intensa manipulação, o que eleva a possibilidade de contaminação (9) . Dessa forma, manter o ambiente biologicamente seguro é papel também dos profissionais da saúde.…”