Perylenequinones from cucumber seedlings infected with Cladosporium cucumerinum

Arnone, Alberto; Assante, Gemma; Modugno, V. Di; Merlini, Lucio; Nasini, Gianluca

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(88)80424-2

Cited by 33 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Several Dothideomycetes are known to produce photoactive compounds that are similar to cercosporin and elsinochrome, including phleichrome, calphostin, cladochrome and shiraiachrome (Arnone et al, 1988;Mulrooney et al, 2010). Cladosporium phlei is the causal agent of the purple spot disease of timothy and a producer of phleichrome, a natural product with both phytotoxic and antimicrobial properties ( Fig.…”

Section: Non-hsts Produced By Plant Pathogenic Dothideomycetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the role of phleichrome in pathogenesis is not yet proven, it is shown that phleichrome production is induced by diketopiperadine compounds produced by Epichloe typhina, an endophytic fungus also found on timothy (Seto et al, 2005). Previously, only cladochromes A and B were reported from Cladosporium cucumerinum during infection of cucumber (Arnone et al, 1988). The mild pathogen of wheat Cladosporium cladosporioides is known for its in vitro production of the perylenequinone compounds cladochromes and calphostins ( Fig.…”

Section: Non-hsts Produced By Plant Pathogenic Dothideomycetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxic secondary metabolites and peptides produced by plant pathogenicDothideomycetefungi

Stergiopoulos¹,

Collemare²,

Mehrabi³

et al. 2013

FEMS Microbiol Rev

167

103

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Many necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi belonging to the class of Dothideomycetes produce phytotoxic metabolites and peptides that are usually required for pathogenicity. Phytotoxins that affect a broad range of plant species are known as non-host-specific toxins (non-HSTs), whereas HSTs affect only a particular plant species or more often genotypes of that species. For pathogens producing HSTs, pathogenicity and host specificity are largely defined by the ability to produce the toxin, while plant susceptibility is dependent on the presence of the toxin target. Non-HSTs are not the main determinants of pathogenicity but contribute to virulence of the producing pathogen. Dothideomycetes are remarkable for the production of toxins, particularly HSTs because they are the only fungal species known so far to produce them. The synthesis, regulation, and mechanisms of action of the most important HSTs and non-HSTs will be discussed. Studies on the mode of action of HSTs have highlighted the induction of programed cell death (PCD) as an important mechanism. We discuss HST-induced PCD and the plant hypersensitive response upon recognition of avirulence factors that share common pathways. In this respect, although nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich repeat types of resistance proteins mediate resistance against biotrophs, they can also contribute to susceptibility toward necrotrophs.

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Section: Non-hsts Produced By Plant Pathogenic Dothideomycetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-hsts Produced By Plant Pathogenic Dothideomycetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic secondary metabolites and peptides produced by plant pathogenicDothideomycetefungi

Stergiopoulos¹,

Collemare²,

Mehrabi³

et al. 2013

FEMS Microbiol Rev

167

103

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“…Spiromentin A (XI) [13] and cladochrome B (XII) [14] are recent examples. Table 2 lists the plant families known to produce at least ten quinones although these pigments occur sporadically in many more.…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of naturally occurring quinones

Thomson

1991

Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scientific Edition

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“…Elsinochrome has also been documented experimentally to generate O 2 ·− in vitro , and this accumulation was suppressed by superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of O 2 ·− , but was not suppressed by the 1 O 2 quencher, dabco (Liao and Chung, 2008a). In addition, elsinochrome is a substantial hydroperoxide producer after irradiation with visible light (Arnone et al ., 1988). These studies demonstrate that elsinochrome functions as a photosensitizing compound that produces 1 O 2 and O 2 ·− and exerts toxic effects on plant cells.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Elsinochrome: a Nonhost‐selective Phytotoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elsinoë fawcettii and Elsinoë australis: the fungal pathogens causing citrus scab

Chung

2010

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Citrus tissues infested with Elsinoë often display erumpent scab pustules with a warty appearance. TOXIN PRODUCTION: Elsinochrome and many perylenequinone-containing phytotoxins of fungal origin are grouped as photosensitizing compounds that are able to absorb light energy, react with oxygen molecules and produce reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide and singlet oxygen. Elsinochrome has been documented to cause peroxidation of cell membranes and to induce rapid electrolyte leakage from citrus tissues. Elsinochrome biosynthesis and conidiation are coordinately regulated in E. fawcettii, and the environmental and physiological inducers commonly involved in both processes have begun to be elucidated.

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Perylenequinones from cucumber seedlings infected with Cladosporium cucumerinum

Cited by 33 publications

References 7 publications

Phytotoxic secondary metabolites and peptides produced by plant pathogenicDothideomycetefungi

Phytotoxic secondary metabolites and peptides produced by plant pathogenicDothideomycetefungi

Distribution of naturally occurring quinones

Elsinoë fawcettii and Elsinoë australis: the fungal pathogens causing citrus scab

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