Pervasive Internet Access by Vehicles through Satellite Receive-Only Terminals

Aslam, Baber; Wang, Ping; Zou, Cliff C.

doi:10.1109/icccn.2009.5235363

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As the penetration of smart vehicles and the deployment of backbone infrastructure to rural areas increase, this network can then evolve into a full-fledged VANET with fully connected RSUs. This approach is complemented in [104] by proposing the use of satellites to transmit downlink traffic to VANETs in rural areas without RSUs, until the number of RSU deployments increases. RSU placement can be optimized using the weighted approach of [105], where RSUs are placed first in locations with higher weights.…”

Section: Using Local Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

2020

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Providing connectivity to around half of the world population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but also a unique opportunity. Access to the internet would provide the population living in these areas a possibility to progress on the educational, health, environment, and business levels. In this paper, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural areas, and that can help address this challenge, is provided. Although access/fronthaul and backhaul techniques are discussed in the paper, it is noted that the major limitation for providing connectivity to rural and underprivileged areas is the cost of backhaul deployment. In addition, energy requirements and cost efficiency of the studied technologies are analyzed. In fact, the challenges faced for deploying an electricity network, as a prerequisite for deploying communication networks, are huge in these areas and they are granted an important share of the discussions in this paper. Furthermore, typical application scenarios in rural areas are discussed, and several country-specific use cases are surveyed. The main

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Section: Using Local Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

2020

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“…As the penetration of smart vehicles and the deployment of backbone infrastructure to rural areas increase, this network can then evolve into a full-fledged VANET with fully connected RSUs. This approach is complemented in [311] by proposing the use of satellites to transmit downlink traffic to VANETs in rural areas without RSUs, until the number of RSU deployments increases. RSU placement can be optimized using the weighted approach of [312], where RSUs are placed first in locations with higher weights.…”

Section: Using Local Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Remaining 4 Billions: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

Yaacoub¹,

Alouini²

2019

Preprint

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DRAFT 4) Hyper Connected: This scenario corresponds to people enjoying state-of-the-art connectivity, e.g., at least 4G and possibly 5G cellular connectivity, and/or with high speed fixed DSL or FTTH or FTTN connectivity. These subscribers typically live in urban areas, and it is extremely difficult to find them in rural areas, due to the numerous barriers discussed previously. This paper surveys the literature aiming to provide basic connectivity to the unconnected population, or aiming to increase the connectivity level of those with basic connectivity ("Under Hence, the challenges for FSO in space are less critical, and indeed significantly better performance can be achieved, especially due to the fact that the optical signal is not traversing the atmosphere. In 2008, an optical inter-satellite link achieved a data rate transmission of 5.6 Gbps for distances up to 5, 000 km in the European Data Relay satellite System (EDRS). Newer terminals can transmit at a data rate of 1.8 Gbps for distances up to 45, 000 km. The intersatellite Ka band link achieved 300 Mbps [44]. In EDRS, LEO satellites relay the data from ground stations to GEO satellites using FSO for the GEO-LEO satellite communication, and RF bands for communication with the ground stations (similarly to the satellite-satellite Ka link, the satellite-ground Ka link achieved 300 Mbps) [44]. Some of the recent satellite constellations discussed in Section II-E, e.g., Starlink, are also expected to use FSO for its inter-satellite communication [45,46,47]. D. HAPs/Drones/UAVs/BalloonsTo solve the coverage problem in large rural areas without relying on the deployment of costly wired infrastructure for backhaul, HAPs and UAVs are generally recommended [48].UAVs are proposed in [49] to provide backhaul connectivity for ground 5G base stations. A steering algorithm to allow the antennas of the UAV and the ground BS to be dynamically steered towards each other is proposed in [49], and tested via an experimental setup. In[50], a multihop network of HAPs is proposed for providing backhaul connectivity to TVWS deployments in rural areas. The HAPs communicate with each other using mmWave frequencies, and with the ground stations using FSO.An interference alignment scheme to maximize the sum-rate capacity of HAPs communicating with GSs is proposed in [51]. The scheme assumes M HAP drones and N GSs, with no CSI at the HAPs. A tethered balloon with (M − 1) × (N − 1) antennas is used as a decode and forward (DF) relay with half-duplex operation: The HAPs transmit their data to the GSs first, then the tethered balloon relays the data after performing pre-coding [51].Aerostats filled with lighter than air gas are tethered to the ground and used to provide connectivity to rural areas in [52]. Although these tethered aerostats can be used to provide backhaul connectivity by communicating with each other using directive antennas, they were also used in [52] to provide fronthaul WiFi access by using high gain omnidirectional antennas.

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“…DSRC and 802.11p are specially designed for two-way radio automotive communications. Several works take a different approach using cellular [13], satellite [14] or hybrid communications [15] [16]. A number of different algorithms for sending information between nodes were reviewed.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

VANET-Enabled Eco-Friendly Road Characteristics-Aware Routing for Vehicular Traffic

Doolan

Muntean

2013

2013 IEEE 77th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)

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Abstract-The lack of significant breakthroughs in terms of alternative energy sources has caused both fuel consumption and gas emissions to constantly increase. In this context, improving fuel efficiency and reducing emissions in the transportation sector is vital, as vehicles are one of the important contributors to air pollution. This paper introduces EcoTrec, a novel eco-friendly routing algorithm for vehicular traffic which considers road characteristics such as surface conditions and gradients, as well as existing traffic conditions to improve the fuel savings of vehicles and reduce gas emissions. EcoTrec makes use of the Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANET) both for collecting data from distributed vehicles and to disseminate information in aid of the routing algorithm. The algorithm calculates the fuel efficiency of various routes and then directs the vehicle to a fuel efficient route, while also avoiding flash crowding. Simulationbased tests showed that by using EcoTrec, fuel emissions were significantly reduced, when compared with existing state-of-theart vehicular routing algorithms.

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Pervasive Internet Access by Vehicles through Satellite Receive-Only Terminals

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity - Connecting the Remaining 4 Billions: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

VANET-Enabled Eco-Friendly Road Characteristics-Aware Routing for Vehicular Traffic

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