Pervaporation separation of 1,1,2-trichloroethane-water mixture through crosslinked acrylate copolymer composite membranes

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The separation of a chlorinated hydrocarbon from a dilute aqueous solution through a crosslinked acrylate copolymer-porous substrate composite membrane by pervaporation was investigated. Poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) and poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) were synthesized and composite membranes were prepared, which were made from the crosslinked polymer and a porous substrate. Pervaporation measurement was carried out for a dilute aqueous solution of 1,1,2-trichloroethane at 25°C and under a vacuum on the permeate side (below 10 mmHg). The separation factor, overall flux, 1,1,2-trichloroethane concentration in the membrane, and the degree of swelling decreased with increase in the acrylic acid or 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate content of the acrylate copolymer. The influence of the crosslinking agent content on the pervaporation performance was small, and the separation factor and the overall flux showed a convex curve. The structure of the crosslinking agent had no effect on the separation. The influence of the pore size of the substrate and the thickness of the polymer layer on the separation of 1,1,2-trichloroethane was observed.

Separation of endocrine disruptors from aqueous solutions by pervaporation: Dioctylphthalate and butylated hydroxytoluene in mineral water

“…In their study, very high separation factors were observed (thymole over water α = 380 and o ‐dichlorobenzene over water α = 1000) 11. In most of the previous studies,12–17 organic compounds removed from aqueous solutions by pervaporation were volatile organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, chloroform, and trichloroethylene having molecular weights of less than 170 g/mol. Most endocrine disruptors have a high molecular weight (e.g., dioctylphthalate) and a very low vapor pressure (e.g., dioctylphthalate) and are nearly insoluble in water.…”

“…Permeation experiments were performed using a standard pervaporation (PV) apparatus 13, 18, 19. The effective membrane area of the PV cell was 15.2 cm 2 .…”

“…The pervaporation process has been successfully used in the dehydration of alcohols,8, 9 as well as in the removal of dissolved volatile organic compounds from water 10–19. Böddeker and co‐workers investigated the removal of low‐volatility aromatic hydrocarbons [i.e., thymole (MW = 150.2 g/mol) and vanillin (MW = 152.2 g/mol)] from dilute aqueous solutions through polyether‐ block ‐polyamide membranes by pervaporation 11, 12.…”

Removal of chlorinated volatile organic contaminants from water by pervaporation using a novel polyurethane urea–poly (methyl methacrylate) interpenetrating network membrane

“…The removal of chlorinated VOCs using various permselective membranes by pervaporation, for example, silicone rubber (Gales et al, 2000), polyether block polyamide (PEBA) (Meckl and Lichtenthaler, 1996), crosslinked poly (acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (Hoshi et al, 1998(Hoshi et al, , 1999 were investigated. Silica filled silicone rubber, PEBA and crosslinked poly (acrylateco-acrylic acid) membranes were employed to separate ethyl butanoate, methanol, acetone, chloroform, trichloroethylene (TCE), trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride from water (Gales et al, 2002;Sohn et al, 2000;Meckl and Lichtenthaler, 1996;Hoshi et al, 1998Hoshi et al, , 1999.…”

“…Silica filled silicone rubber, PEBA and crosslinked poly (acrylateco-acrylic acid) membranes were employed to separate ethyl butanoate, methanol, acetone, chloroform, trichloroethylene (TCE), trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride from water (Gales et al, 2002;Sohn et al, 2000;Meckl and Lichtenthaler, 1996;Hoshi et al, 1998Hoshi et al, , 1999. Baker et al (1997) used silicone rubber and EPDM membranes in spiral-wound modules to separate toluene/water and TCE water mixtures.…”