Pervaporation of water‐ethanol mixture through poly(maleimide‐co‐acrylonitrile) membrane

Polymer Membrane as a Reaction Field II. Effect of Membrane Environment on Permselectivity for Water–Ethanol Binary Mixtures

“…Poly(l-co-3), 6, was synthesized as previously described. 4 The results of the copolymerization are shown in Table I. The chemical composition of the copolymer was determined by elemental analysis of carbon and nitrogen.…”

“…The 6 membrane was prepared as previously described (membrane thickness, 20-25 pm). 4 Permeation of water-ethanol mixtures was carried out through the membranes by an ordinary pervaporation technique. The membrane area was 12.6 cm 2 , of the up-stream compartment was 200 cm 3 , and the downstream pressure was kept about 400 Pa (3.0 torr).…”

“…2 The practical application of this membrane polarity value led to previous reports that the selectivities in the K + -Li + binary system through common polymer membranes by piezodialysis were closely related to the membrane polarity, ET (25°C) values, 3 and the separation factor for water-various alcohol mixtures through poly-(maleimide-co-acrylonitrile) membranes tended to increase as the ET (25°C) value of the alcohol separated from that of the membrane despite of dispersion. 4 In this paper, we survey the effects of the concentration of functional groups which might preferentially interact with water and membrane polarity on permselectivity for the pervaporation of water-alcohol mixtures. The maleimide unit was chosen as the functional group and is effective for the separation of water from water-alcohol mixtures as previously reported.…”

Separation of Butanol Using Pervaporation: A Review of Mass Transfer Models

“…It is also stated that in a highly swollen polymer, the diffusion coefficient of the permeant is related to the degree of swelling, the structure of the polymer, and the permeant size. An increase in the degree of swelling is accompanied by an increase in the free volume inside the polymer which leads to a more permeable pathway for mass transfer of the penetrants and an increase in diffusivity [95][96][97].…”

Application and development of synthetic polymer membranes. VI. Pervaporation of aqueous ethanol solution through quaternized poly[3‐(N′,N′‐dimethyl) aminopropylacrylamide‐co‐acrylonitrile] membranes

“…As a specific interaction toward water, there exists both hydrogen-bonding interaction and Coulombic (electrostatic) interaction. Synthetic polymer membranes having imide groups, 42,4345 N-substituted imide groups,46 carboxylic acid moieties, 21,44*54 or N-substituted imide groups and ester groups, 47,48 selectively permeated water from aqueous ethanol (alcohol) or acetic acid solution by using the hydrogen-bonding interaction. Those containing pyridinium moieties, [49][50][51] or ammonium groups, 52,53 preferentially removed water from the aqueous ethanol solution by using the Coulombic interaction.…”