“…Recently, we reported the fabrication of soluble PECs, such as CMCNa-PDDA [30,31], CMCNa-CS [32]. In a typical process, part of carboxylate groups (-COO − ) on the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa) were protonated as carboxyl groups (-COOH) during the formation of polyelectrolyte complex, then deprotonated to fabricate polyelectrolyte complex membranes (PECMs).…”