Pertussis Vaccine

Robbins, John B.; Schneerson, Rachel; Keith, Jerry M.; Miller, Mark A.; Kübler-Kiełb, Joanna; Trollfors, Birger

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e31818a8958

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The rapid decline in antibody titers prior to the booster dose has been illustrated in many studies (13,22,33) and supports the importance of a pertussis vaccine booster dose in the second year of life. Although there is conflicting evidence regarding which B. pertussis antigens are considered most important for protection against disease (6,34,35), there is evidence that optimal anti-FIM antibody concentrations reduce the short-term risk of pertussis in young children (36,37). While PT, a key protective B. pertussis antigen, is a component of all current aP vaccines, FIM antigen is not present in all aP vaccines used globally (1,9,38,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Responses to Pertussis Antigens in Infants and Toddlers after Immunization with Multicomponent Acellular Pertussis Vaccine

Fadugba

Wang

Chen

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Responses to Pertussis Antigens in Infants and Toddlers after Immunization with Multicomponent Acellular Pertussis Vaccine

Fadugba

Wang

Chen

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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“…The dramatic loss of these epitopes by chemical but not genetic detoxification supports inclusion of PTg in future acellular vaccine preparations. Concerns regarding chemical deactivation procedures include lot-to-lot variability, incomplete inactivation, reversion of toxicity, and loss of immunogenicity (14,29) and may similarly affect protective epitopes on other AB-type toxins. We suggest that development of next-generation vaccines and passive immunization strategies for pertussis should focus on eliciting responses to specific protective epitopes, such as those recognized by the antibodies 1B7 and 11E6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies Recognizing Protective Pertussis Toxin Epitopes Are Preferentially Elicited by Natural Infection versus Acellular Immunization

Sutherland

Chang

Yoder

et al. 2011

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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Despite more than 50 years of vaccination, disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis persists, with rates increasing in industrialized countries over the past decade. This rise may be attributed to several factors, including increased surveillance, emergence of vaccine escape variants, waning immunity in adults, and the introduction of acellular subunit vaccines, which include chemically detoxified pertussis toxin (PTd). Two potently protective epitopes on pertussis toxin (PTx) are recognized by the monoclonal antibodies 1B7 and 11E6, which inhibit catalytic and cell-binding activities, respectively. In order to determine whether the PTx exposure route affects antibody responses to these epitopes, we analyzed sera from 30 adults with confirmed pertussis exposure and from 30 recently vaccinated adults for specific anti-PTx antibody responses and in vitro CHO cell neutralization titers. While overall titers against PTx and the genetically detoxified variant, PTg, containing the R9K and E129G substitutions, were similar in the two groups, titers against specific epitopes depended on the exposure route. Natural infection resulted in significantly higher titers of anti-PTx-subunit 1, 1B7-like, and 11E6-like antibodies, while acellular vaccination resulted in significantly higher titers of antibodies recognizing PTd. We also observed a correlation between in vitro protection and the presence of 1B7-like and 11E6-like antibodies. Notably, chemical detoxification, as opposed to genetic inactivation, alters the PTx tertiary and quaternary structure, thereby affecting conformational epitopes and recognition of PTx by 1B7 and 11E6. The lower levels of serum antibodies recognizing clinically relevant epitopes after vaccination with PTd support inclusion of PTg in future vaccines.Pertussis vaccines, widely introduced as an inactivated whole-cell vaccine in 1950, have been responsible for a dramatic decline in pertussis-related morbidity and mortality but have been unable to eradicate disease despite 95% coverage in many areas. Disturbingly, rates of confirmed pertussis cases in industrialized countries have increased steadily

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“…The association of other polymorphisms in the coding sequence of the ptx genes for the S1 and S3 subunits with escape from vaccine immunity has also been proposed but is still speculative [5]. In addition, a wealth of data from pertussis vaccine trials has shown that detoxified PT as a single vaccine component can significantly protect humans from pertussis disease [20,50]. Final confirmation of the role for PT in human pertussis disease may have to wait for human volunteer experiments, which have not yet been approved by regulatory agencies.…”

Section: Pertussis Toxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis Toxin and Adenylate Cyclase Toxin: Key Virulence Factors of Bordetella Pertussis and Cell Biology Tools

2010

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Pertussis toxin and adenylate cyclase toxin are two important virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis, the bacterial cause of the respiratory disease pertussis or whooping cough. In addition to studies on the structure, function and role in pathogenesis of these two toxins, they are both used as cell biology tools for a variety of applications owing to their ability to enter mammalian cells, perform enzymatic activities and modify cell signaling events. In this article, recent data from the research literature that enhance our understanding of the nature of these two toxins, their role in the pathogenesis of B. pertussis infection and disease, particularly in modulating host immune responses, and their use as tools for other areas of research will be outlined.

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Pertussis Vaccine

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Immune Responses to Pertussis Antigens in Infants and Toddlers after Immunization with Multicomponent Acellular Pertussis Vaccine

Immune Responses to Pertussis Antigens in Infants and Toddlers after Immunization with Multicomponent Acellular Pertussis Vaccine

Antibodies Recognizing Protective Pertussis Toxin Epitopes Are Preferentially Elicited by Natural Infection versus Acellular Immunization

Pertussis Toxin and Adenylate Cyclase Toxin: Key Virulence Factors of Bordetella Pertussis and Cell Biology Tools

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