Pertussis in High Risk Groups: An Overview of the Past Quarter Century

Jenkins, Victoria A; Savic, Miloje; Kandeil, Walid

doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1738168

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, vaccinating adults with COPD against pertussis could help to reduce morbidity and increases in pertussis-related HCRU and DMC, including those related to exacerbations [26,40]. General vaccination of adults against pertussis can also help to prevent its transmission to susceptible infants before they have received their primary vaccinations [25,40]. Indeed, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), that previously recommended influenza and pneumococcal vaccines for people with COPD, recently leveraged the CDC recommendation for Tdap vaccination for COPD patients to the 2021 guideline [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England

Aris

Harrington

Bhavsar

et al. 2021

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may increase the risk and severity of pertussis infection. Health care resource utilization (HCRU) and direct medical costs (DMC) of treating pertussis among patients with COPD are unknown. Reported incidence of pertussis among individuals aged ! 50 years with COPD was assessed in Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases during 2009-2018 using a retrospective cohort design. HCRU and DMC from the National Health Service perspective were compared between patients with COPD and pertussis and propensity score-matched patients with COPD without pertussis. Seventy-eight new pertussis events were identified among 387 086 patients with COPD aged ! 50 years (incidence rate: 4.73; 95% confidence interval 3.74-5.91 per 100 000 person-years). HCRU and DMC were assessed among 67 patients with COPD and pertussis and 267 matched controls. During the month before the pertussis diagnosis, the rates of general practitioner (GP)/nurse visits (4289 vs. 1774 per 100 patient-years) and accident and emergency visits (182 vs. 18 per 100 patient-years) were higher in the pertussis cohort; GP/nurse visits (2935 vs. 1705 per 100 patient-years) were also higher during the following 2 months (all p < 0.001). During the month before the pertussis diagnosis, annualized per-patient total DMC were £2012 higher in the pertussis cohort (£3729 vs. £1717; p < 0.001); during the following 2 months, they were £2407 higher (£5498 vs. £3091; p < 0.001). In conclusion, a pertussis episode among individuals with COPD resulted in significant increases in HCRU and DMC around the pertussis event.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…65 years) [23], which is higher than the overall prevalence of COPD in the US (6.1% [11.9% of those aged ! 65 years]) [24], suggesting that underlying COPD increases the risk of more severe pertussis clinical expressions [25]. Patients with COPD who suffer pertussis could also experience an exacerbation [26].…”

Section: What Is the Impact?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England

Aris

Harrington

Bhavsar

et al. 2021

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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“…For example, seasonal influenza infection in people with pre-existing circulatory or respiratory disease may result in their hospitalization or death [61]. Adults aged more than 50 years and who have HZ are at increased risk of asthma, heart disease, stroke, and transient ischemic attack [12,13,[62][63][64], while pertussis infection is likely to increase the severity of symptoms in patients with pre-existing asthma or COPD [14][15][16].…”

Section: The Unfavorable Link Between Infectious and Chronic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic diseases in older adults are more difficult to treat in the presence of infectious diseases. Infectious diseases may induce cardiovascular complications, increase the risk of heart disease, and worsen asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manifesto on the Value of Adult Immunization: “We Know, We Intend, We Advocate”

Incalzi

Blasi

Conversano³

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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Immunization through vaccination is a milestone achievement that has made a tremendous contribution to public health. Historically, immunization programs aimed firstly to protect children, who were disproportionally affected by infectious diseases. However, vaccine-preventable diseases can have significant impacts on adult mortality, health, and quality of life. Despite this, adult vaccinations have historically been overlooked in favor of other health priorities, because their benefits to society were not well recognized. As the general population is aging, the issue of vaccination in older adults is gaining importance. In high-income countries, recommendations for the routine vaccination of older adults have been gradually introduced. The Italian National Immunization Plan is considered to be among the most advanced adult vaccination plans in Europe. However, available data indicate there is low adherence to vaccination recommendations in Italy. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the damage that can be caused by an infectious disease, especially among adults and individuals with comorbidities. The aim of this “Manifesto”, therefore, is to provide an overview of the existing evidence on the value of adult vaccination, in the Italian context, with a call to action to healthcare providers and health authorities.

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“…It can also have a significant negative impact upon quality of life [25]. To date there has been little published on the relationship between pertussis and chronic conditions/illnesses, with only one previous review which focussed mainly on respiratory conditions in 'at-risk' populations [26]. The objective of our review was to assess any association between pertussis and chronic conditions/illnesses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis in Individuals with Co-morbidities: A Systematic Review

Macina

Evans

2021

Infect Dis Ther

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Pertussis is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory tract caused by Bordetella pertussis. Although the burden of pertussis is highest in children, available data suggests that pertussis in the elderly and those with underlying chronic conditions or illnesses can result in significant morbidity, mortality and costs. We undertook a comprehensive review to assess the association between pertussis and chronic conditions/illnesses. A search was undertaken on 17 June 2019 across EMBASE, Medline and BIOSIS. Citations were limited to those in English, in humans and published since 1 January 1990. There were 1179 papers identified with an additional 70 identified through a review of the reference lists. Of these, 34 met the inclusion criteria. Papers included were categorised in groups, those which reported: associations between prior pertussis and subsequent chronic conditions or illnesses; a link between chronic conditions/illnesses and subsequent risk of pertussis; and those which reported on the effect of the chronic conditions/illnesses on pertussis complications or exacerbations. Pertussis appears to increase the likelihood of developing some chronic conditions/illnesses, but also appears to decrease the likelihood of developing some haematological cancers. There were several chronic conditions/illnesses where the study results were mixed, and several studies that found no association with previous pertussis. There were also studies which showed that having some comorbid health condition(s) might increase the risk of developing pertussis. Three studies showed pertussis can lead to increased exacerbations of chronic conditions/illnesses and associated hospitalisations, although one study showed it reduced the effects of chronic bronchitis. Previous pertussis appears to contribute to the increased likelihood of developing some respiratory conditions like asthma, and conversely those with asthma or COPD are at increased risk of severe pertussis requiring further intervention. Further research is required to confirm or disprove these associations, and to characterise the pathophysiological mechanisms behind the potential associations with pertussis.

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Pertussis in High Risk Groups: An Overview of the Past Quarter Century

Cited by 27 publications

References 45 publications

Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England

Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England

Manifesto on the Value of Adult Immunization: “We Know, We Intend, We Advocate”

Pertussis in Individuals with Co-morbidities: A Systematic Review

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