Perturbation theory for Maxwell’s equations with shifting material boundaries

Johnson, Steven G.; Ibanescu, Mihai; Skorobogatiy, Maksim; Weisberg, Ori; Joannopoulos, John D.; Fink, Yoel

doi:10.1103/physreve.65.066611

Cited by 414 publications

(400 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The optomechanical coupling between the identified optical and mechanical modes is computed numerically using a perturbative treatment of Maxwell's equations, 10,22 yielding a simulated optomechanical coupling of g om s = 690 GHz/ nm for disk 1, with a related vacuum coupling of g 0 s = 1.1 MHz ͑see Table I for values on the three disks͒. Note that the deformation ␣ is parameterized here by choosing a point of maximal displacement at the periphery of the disk.…”

Section: Wavelength-sized Gaas Optomechanical Resonators With Gigahermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength-sized GaAs optomechanical resonators with gigahertz frequency

Ding

Baker

Senellart

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

104

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We report on wavelength-sized GaAs optomechanical disk resonators showing ultra-strong optomechanical interaction. We observe optical transduction of a disk mechanical breathing mode with 1.4 GHz frequency and effective mass of ~ 2 pg. The measured vacuum optomechanical coupling rate reaches g 0 = 0.8 MHz, with a related differential optomechanical coupling factor g om = 485 GHz/nm. The disk Brownian motion is optically resolved with a sensitivity of 10 -17 m/√Hz at room temperature and pressure.Optomechanical systems 1-3 combining a mechanical oscillator and an optical cavity find now applications in very different fields of physics, from mesoscopic quantum physics to cold atoms 4-5 and mechanical sensing 6 . GHz mechanical oscillators can help accessing the quantum regime of optomechanics, can allow developing ultra-fast sensing systems, or can match hyperfine transitions of (artificial) atoms interfaced with the mechanical system. The difficulty lies generally in coupling such GHz oscillators to photons efficiently, in order to offer optical control over the oscillator motion, together with fine optical read-out sensitivity. 7 A useful way a)

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Section: Wavelength-sized Gaas Optomechanical Resonators With Gigahermentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength-sized GaAs optomechanical resonators with gigahertz frequency

Ding

Baker

Senellart

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

104

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“…The acoustic wave generates a propagating strain field, tensile and compressive periodically, which modulates the phase of the optical mode by changing the refractive index through a combination of elasto-optic and electro-optical effects. As a result, the resonance frequency of the resonator is modulated, which can be approximated by using the perturbation theory as 29 :…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-optical wavelength acoustic wave modulation of integrated photonic resonators at microwave frequencies

Tadesse¹,

Li²

2014

Nat Commun

162

103

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Light-sound interactions have long been exploited in various acousto-optic devices based on bulk crystalline materials. Conventionally, these devices operate in megahertz frequency range where the acoustic wavelength is much longer than the optical wavelength and a long interaction length is required to attain significant coupling. With nanoscale transducers, acoustic waves with sub-optical wavelengths can now be excited to induce strong acoustooptic coupling in nanophotonic devices. Here we demonstrate microwave frequency surface acoustic wave transducers co-integrated with nanophotonic resonators on piezoelectric aluminum nitride substrates. Acousto-optic modulation of the resonance modes at above 10 GHz with the acoustic wavelength significantly below the optical wavelength is achieved. The phase and modal matching conditions in this scheme are investigated for efficient modulation. The new acousto-optic platform can lead to novel optical devices based on nonlinear Brillouin processes and provides a direct, wideband link between optical and microwave photons for microwave photonics and quantum optomechanics.

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“…Note that for a predominantly dielectric cavity, for which the electric field energy is much larger than the magnetic energy, an increase in the cavity dielectric constants and/or an increase in the cavity volume, both lead to a decrease in the resonance frequency. This analogy has been previously used to model moving boundary effects as an effective dielectric perturbation [183]. Finally we note that the conceptual ambiguities associated with identifying the force applied by an electromagnetic field on a moving body [184,185] appear to be less severe in the approach outlined here, wherein the emphasis is on a well-defined observable -cavity frequency -and not on the details of the microscopic light-matter interaction.…”

Section: Photon-phonon Coupling In a Cavitymentioning

confidence: 93%

Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator

Sudhir

2018

Springer Theses

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PAR Vivishek SUDHIR JOSEPH CONRAD, Heart of DarknessExperimental physics demands a certain degree of manual dexterity, the patience to tolerate the mundane, and an inexhaustible supply of optimism. Tobias hired me to work on an immensely sophisticated experiment despite any proof of my possessing these qualities; I am indebted to him for the belief he has placed in me. I would also like to acknowledge his dedication to fostering an environment where the pursuit of science is unencumbered by other worldly concerns. Stefan, Ewold and Samuel bore the brunt of a theorist trying to perform delicate experiments; the stern, yet encouraging, stewardship of this trio ensured that I enjoyed the culture shock. Dal Wilson was more than a colleague and a post-doc; his pragmatic approach to physics provided the ideal counter-point in our attempts to forge a deeper understanding of things ranging from vibration isolation to the subtleties of quantum mechanics. Without the patient efforts of Amir, Ryan and Hendrik in designing, fabricating, and testing of devices, none of the results reported here would have been possible. I hope I have been able to bequeath a better vision of the future of our experiment to Sergey. Conversations with Alexey, Daniel and Nathan have enabled me to vicariously learn how to measure microwave "photons". John Jost once taught me how to decorate a Christmas tree; since then he has imparted some wisdom on frequency metrology, and some on atomic physics. Together with Dal, Victor and Caroline have probably spent the most time with me outside the lab; it was fun to exercise an air of social normalcy with this bunch. Christophe has been an amazing sparring partner on every subject capable of being brought under scientific scrutiny.The personal space required for the pursuit of science comes through the sacrifice of many people. My family back home in India -parents, sister, grand-parents -have had to patiently wait for the brief interludes when I go home. No words can do justice to this and the very many other pleasures they have surrendered over the years for my sake. Before physics attracted me, I was charmed by someone else; I am lucky to have married her. Long time friends, mentorsAjith and Subeesh -have played pivotal roles in my being able to engage in physics; I hope to repay this enormous debt, some day.It was a privilege to have learnt from a few great teachers during my formative years. Their vision of an indelible unity in nature continues to motivate my study of physics. vii AbstractThe precision measurement of position has a long-standing tradition in physics. Cavendish's verification of the universal law of gravitation using a torsion pendulum, Perrin's confirmation of the atomic hypothesis via the precise measurement of the Brownian motion, and, the verification of the mechanical effect of electromagnetic radiation, all belong to this classical heritage. Quantum mechanics posits that the measurement of position results in an uncertain momentum; an idea developed to full maturity within the ...

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Perturbation theory for Maxwell’s equations with shifting material boundaries

Cited by 414 publications

References 7 publications

Wavelength-sized GaAs optomechanical resonators with gigahertz frequency

Wavelength-sized GaAs optomechanical resonators with gigahertz frequency

Sub-optical wavelength acoustic wave modulation of integrated photonic resonators at microwave frequencies

Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator

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