Perturbation of the enterobacterial microflora detected by molecular analysis

McBurney, Warren T.; McCartney, Anne L.; Apun, K.; McConnell, Michelle; Tannock, GW

doi:10.3402/mehd.v11i3.7902

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, 21 clones were found to be resident, defined as present in a participant for greater than 3 weeks. McBurney et al assessed residency dynamics of Enterobacteriaceae from two adults (a 25-year-old female and a 50-year-old male) over a 1-year period (68). In this study, stool samples were collected on a monthly basis, and 10 to 15 colonies were picked randomly from MacConkey agar.…”

Section: Temporal E Coli Dynamics In the Pcr Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Residency in the Gut of Healthy Human Adults

Martinson

Walk

2020

EcoSal Plus

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Escherichia coli is one of the most well-studied bacterial species, but several significant knowledge gaps remain regarding its ecology and natural history. Specifically, the most important factors influencing its life as a member of the healthy human gut microbiome are either underevaluated or currently unknown. Distinct E. coli population dynamics have been observed over the past century from a handful of temporal studies conducted in healthy human adults. Early studies using serology up to the most recent studies using genotyping and DNA sequencing approaches have all identified long-lived E. coli residents and short-lived transients. This review summarizes these discoveries and other studies that focused on the underlying mechanisms that lead to establishment and maintenance of E. coli residency in healthy human adults. Many fundamental knowledge gaps remain and are highlighted with the hope of facilitating future studies in this exciting research area.

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Section: Temporal E Coli Dynamics In the Pcr Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Residency in the Gut of Healthy Human Adults

Martinson

Walk

2020

EcoSal Plus

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“…Whole genome sequences of well-documented dominant commensal isolates are still rare compared to clinical ones. E. coli population structure and dynamics in the gut of healthy individuals has been addressed mostly in humans since the beginning of the 20 th century, using in each epoch the available technologies: serotyping (7)(8)(9)(10)(11), multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (12,13), PCR-based approaches, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, ribotyping, amplicon sequencing of the flagellin gene and shotgun metagenomics (6,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Most of these studies were performed on one to 10 subjects over a few months (maximum 4 years (10)) studying in general 10 colonies per sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain intrinsic properties and environmental constraints together shape Escherichia coli dynamics and diversity over a twenty-year human gut time series

Condamine,

Morel-Journel,

Tesson

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Escherichia coliis an increasingly antibiotic-resistant opportunistic pathogen. Few data are available on its ecological and evolutionary dynamics in its primary niche, the vertebrate gut. Using Illumina and/or Nanopore technologies, we sequenced whole genomes of 210E. colinatural isolates from 22 stools sampled during a 20-year period in a healthy man (ED) living in France, who did not take any antibiotics. All the phylogroups, except the C, were represented with a predominance of B2 (34.3%), followed by A and F (19% each) phylogroups. Thirty five clones were identified and classified in three phenotypes according to their abundance and persistence time: 25 sub-dominant/transient (52 isolates), five dominant/transient (48 isolates) and five dominant/resident (110 isolates). Four out of the five dominant/resident clones belonged to B2 phylogroup [sequence types (STs)131 and 452] and F-ST59, whereas sub-dominant/transient clones belonged mainly to numerous distinct B1, A and D phylogroup STs. The long residence time of B2 phylogroup clones was counterbalanced by lower colonization ability. Residence time and within-host frequency were positively correlated. By comparing ED strain genomes to a collection of commensalE. coligenomes from 359 French individuals, enriched/specific ED strain genome traits were identified including a metabolic pathway (mhpcluster) and a very rarely reported antiviral defense island encompassing dGTPase and/or Detocs systems. SNP analysis of clonal diversity showed neutral evolution. The normalE. coligut microbiota is shaped by both the intrinsic properties of the strain lineages and the environmental constraints.

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“…Treatment with antibiotics is known to affect the intestinal microbiota and these changes may be long lasting. A study investigating the effect of a short course of amoxicillin showed that the microbial ecology of the intestinal tract was severely altered for up to 6 months after the end of antibiotic administration 23 . Similarly, 1‐week course of clindamycin caused changes in the Bacteroides community, and this persisted for up to 2 years 24,25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes and the gut‐brain axis

Berčík

Collins

Verdú

2012

Neurogastroenterology Motil

326

223

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Background The 'gut-brain' or 'brain-gut axis', depending on whether we emphasize bottom-up or top-bottom pathways, is a bi-directional communication system, comprised of neural pathways, such as the enteric nervous system (ENS), vagus, sympathetic and spinal nerves, and humoral pathways, which include cytokines, hormones, and neuropeptides as signaling molecules. Recent evidence, mainly arising from animal models, supports a role of microbes as signaling components in the gut-brain axis. Aims The purpose of this review is to summarize our current knowledge regarding the role of microbes, including commensals, probiotics and gastrointestinal pathogens, in bottom-up pathways of communication in the gut-brain axis. Although this has clear implications for psychiatric co-morbidity in functional and inflammatory conditions of the gut, the focus of this review will be to discuss the current evidence for a role of bacteria (commensals, probiotics, and pathogens) as key modulators of gut-brain communication. Results & Conclusions The strongest evidence for a role of microbes as signaling components in the gut-brain axis currently arises from animal studies and indicate that mechanisms of communication are likely to be multiple. There is need for the concepts generated in animal models to be translated to the human in the future.

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Perturbation of the enterobacterial microflora detected by molecular analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Escherichia coli Residency in the Gut of Healthy Human Adults

Escherichia coli Residency in the Gut of Healthy Human Adults

Strain intrinsic properties and environmental constraints together shape Escherichia coli dynamics and diversity over a twenty-year human gut time series

Microbes and the gut‐brain axis

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