In this paper, we study the perturbation estimate of the maximal solution for the matrix equation X− X i¼1 m A Ã i X −1 A i þ X n j¼1 B Ã j X −1 B j ¼ I using the differentiation of matrices. We derive the differential bound for this maximal solution. Moreover, we present a perturbation estimate and an error bound for this maximal solution. Finally, a numerical example is given to clarify the reliability of our obtained results.