Persulfate activation by nanodiamond-derived carbon onions: Effect of phase transformation of the inner diamond core on reaction kinetics and mechanisms

Yang, Bowen; Kang, Haisu; Ko, Young‐Jin; Woo, Heesoo; Gim, Geondu; Choi, Jaemin; Kim, Jae-Sung; Cho, Kangwoo; Kim, Sang Hyun; Lee, Seung Geol; Lee, Hongshin; Lee, Jaesang

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120205

Cited by 39 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The authors further demonstrated that thermal annealing in argon released reactive gases from ND surfaces; this likely led to the etching of outer shells and a subsequent redistribution process that formed micrometer-sized CNO structures. Another study conducted by Yang et al [204] found that high catalytic activity and electrical conductivity could be achieved in CNOs upon a thermal heat treatment of NDs at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000 °C. The improvement in electrical conductivity was ascribed to substantial and quick sp 3 -to-sp 2 transformation of the inner carbon core and outer carbon shells.…”

Section: Thermal Annealing Of Ndsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Ghasemlou,

PN,

Alexander

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the last two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well‐defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer‐related applications of nanocarbons and how they could be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large‐scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high‐performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Thermal Annealing Of Ndsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Ghasemlou,

PN,

Alexander

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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“…6a). 26,49 EIS analysis showed that graphene deposition resulted in a marked improvement in electrical conductivity: 80.47 Ω for NF versus 61.15 Ω for G/NF. Notably, the electrical conductivity of NG/NF increased in proportion to the N doping level and pyridinic N content, with R ct = 28.81 Ω for NG-4/NF, 15.29 Ω for NG-12/NF, 10.38 Ω for NG-16/NF, and 7.64 Ω for NG-20/NF.…”

Section: Key Factors For the Performance Of N-doped Graphene As A Bif...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This selectivity is in line with previous findings observing that treatment efficiency of carbocatalytic, non-radical persulfate activation is highly substrate-specific. 21,23,26 Organic oxidation during repeated cycles of power-on and power-off…”

Section: Mechanisms For Anodic and Non-electrochemical Organic Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon-based nanostructured materials, broadly adopted as cathodes owing to their high conductivity, large surface area, chemical stability, and mechanical durability, 18,19 have recently been explored for application as persulfate activation catalysts. [20][21][22] A vast array of carbocatalysts, including carbon nanotubes, 21,23 reduced/doped graphene oxides, 24,25 and graphitized nanodiamonds, 26,27 perform persulfate activation in two different manners involving no radical attack: enhancing self-decay of persulfate to produce singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) and mediating electron transfer from organic substances as electron donors to persulfate as electron acceptors. 21,28 In this regard, the concept of utilizing a carbonaceous material as a cathode for paired electrolysis reactions and as a catalyst for enhanced persulfate oxidation can engender a new electrochemical system that implements the catalytic cycle of anodic persulfate production (accompanying anodic organic oxidation) and non-electrochemical persulfate activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dual role of N-doped graphene film as a cathode material for anodic organic oxidation and persulfate production and as a planar carbocatalyst for non-electrochemical persulfate activation

Yun

Lee

Ahn

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…Carbon nanostructures, featured by the large surface area, tunable porous structure, controllable surface chemistry, and superior conductivity, have attracted significant attention in range of applications such as energy storage and conversion, [1][2][3] adsorption, [4] drug delivery, [5] catalysis. [6,7] Accordingly, the carbon universe has steadily expanded along with the discovery of fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene in the past decades. [8,9] Carbon nano-onions (CNOs) are constituted by multilayer highly curved fullerene shells, imparting intriguing electrochemical performance as electrode materials as 251 F g −1 at 20 A g −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

Liu

Tang

Han

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Moreover, the abundant nanovoids on the sp 2 -hybridized carbon shell and interior space of CNOs facilitate the loading of pseudocapacitive species (metal oxides, [11] the conductive polymer, [12] functional groups, [13,14] etc.) and corresponding charge transport during the charge-storage process. Although fascinating performance has been achieved by CNOs, the efficient synthesis of CNOs remains a great challenge, seriously impeding its application in supercapacitors.Great efforts have been made on the synthesis of CNOs in the past decades. Series of synthetic techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [15] underwater electric arc discharge, [16] carbon ion implantation, [17] and annealing of nanodiamonds [18] have been developed to achieve CNOs with tunable sizes (5-200 nm), shapes (spherical and polyhedral), and types of cores (hollow and dense). Among various techniques, chemical methods including CVD, the thermal transformation of nanodiamonds, and thermal pyrolysis of carbon precursor were considered as more viable methods for the production of CNOs, especially in large-scale (gram quantities). For instance, Chen et al. [19] reported a gramscale CVD synthesis of hollow CNOs with MgO supported Co as the catalyst. The hollow CNOs consist of defective carbon shells with diameters ranging from 10 to 50 nm. Recently, the functionalized onion-like graphitic carbon nanospheres (5-30 nm in diameter) were fabricated by a high-temperature transformation of nanodiamonds at 2700 °C, providing the high surface area with multiple oxygen functional groups for enhanced Li-ion storage. [20] Nevertheless, these techniques still suffer from the use of large contents of catalyst (>50 wt%) and high temperature (>1700 °C) [21] in the gram-scale synthesis of CNOs.Herein, we demonstrate a novel bubble template for efficient assembly of CNOs at gram-scale, by using sticky pitch to coat on petroleum coke. The corresponding formation mechanism was proposed and the key feature of this approach is the confinement of petroleum coke generated gas bubbles (H 2 ) to serve as the pristine fragments of graphitic shells for the assembly of CNOs. The as-synthesized CNOs present a uniform particle size of ≈5-30 nm, a superior surface area up to 2665.5 m 2 g −1 , and a large pore volume of 1.2 cm 3 g −1 , which favor the ionic diffusion as well as electronic transport in supercapacitors. Significantly, the CNOs electrode delivered a high specific capacitance of 312 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 and retained as high Carbon nano-onions (CNOs), recognized as multilayered fullerenes, display superior electrical conductivity (comparable with carbon black) and large surface area due to the highly defective sp 2 carbon shells, making it a promising member of carbon nanomaterials for energy applications. However, the lack of efficient synthesis of CNOs in large-scale production (gram quantities) has impeded their range of commercial applications. Herein, for the first time, it is demonstrated that the gram-scale synthesis of CNOs is developed by simply an...

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Persulfate activation by nanodiamond-derived carbon onions: Effect of phase transformation of the inner diamond core on reaction kinetics and mechanisms

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Dual role of N-doped graphene film as a cathode material for anodic organic oxidation and persulfate production and as a planar carbocatalyst for non-electrochemical persulfate activation

Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors

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