Perspectives on Rhythm Processing In Motor Regions of the Brain

Grahn, Jessica A.; Watson, Sarah L.

doi:10.1093/mtp/31.1.25

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Finally, since an internalized awareness of beat enables us to link certain rhythmic events as more salient or important than others [86], a deficit in internalizing the beat was hypothesized to result in increased difficulties to perceive and reproduce complex rhythms, as well as to perceive and reproduce meter. In our study, we indeed observed that PWS showed more errors than PNS in the reproduction of the NONISO_SYNC pattern, which is in line with the results of Wieland et al [87] and supports the idea that PWS have more difficulties than PNS in correctly perceiving and/or reproducing complex non-isochronous patterns.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythmic tapping difficulties in adults who stutter: A deficit in beat perception, motor execution, or sensorimotor integration?

et al. 2023

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Objectives The study aims to better understand the rhythmic abilities of people who stutter and to identify which processes potentially are impaired in this population: (1) beat perception and reproduction; (2) the execution of movements, in particular their initiation; (3) sensorimotor integration. Material and method Finger tapping behavior of 16 adults who stutter (PWS) was compared with that of 16 matching controls (PNS) in five rhythmic tasks of various complexity: three synchronization tasks ― a simple 1:1 isochronous pattern, a complex non-isochronous pattern, and a 4 tap:1 beat isochronous pattern ―, a reaction task to an aperiodic and unpredictable pattern, and a reproduction task of an isochronous pattern after passively listening. Results PWS were able to reproduce an isochronous pattern on their own, without external auditory stimuli, with similar accuracy as PNS, but with increased variability. This group difference in variability was observed immediately after passive listening, without prior motor engagement, and was not enhanced or reduced after several seconds of tapping. Although PWS showed increased tapping variability in the reproduction task as well as in synchronization tasks, this timing variability did not correlate significantly with the variability in reaction times or tapping force. Compared to PNS, PWS exhibited larger negative mean asynchronies, and increased synchronization variability in synchronization tasks. These group differences were not affected by beat hierarchy (i.e., “strong” vs. “weak” beats), pattern complexity (non-isochronous vs. isochronous) or presence versus absence of external auditory stimulus (1:1 vs. 1:4 isochronous pattern). Differences between PWS and PNS were not enhanced or reduced with sensorimotor learning, over the first taps of a synchronization task. Conclusion Our observations support the hypothesis of a deficit in neuronal oscillators coupling in production, but not in perception, of rhythmic patterns, and a larger delay in multi-modal feedback processing for PWS.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythmic tapping difficulties in adults who stutter: A deficit in beat perception, motor execution, or sensorimotor integration?

et al. 2023

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“…Examples are temporal bisection with temporal scales ranging from the millisecond to several seconds (Penney, Gibbon, & Meck, 2000) or temporal generalization, in which a standard repeated interval is compared with subsequent shorter or longer intervals (Wearden, Denovan, Fakhri, & Haworth, 1997). Other tasks make use of sequences of durations, which require the extraction of an underlying beat, thus tapping beat-based timing mechanisms (Grahn & Brett, 2009;Watson & Grahn, 2013). Material varies in these tasks from simple sequences of durations, as in the anisochrony detection task (Ehrlé & Samson, 2005;Hyde & Peretz, 2004) to complex auditory material such as metrical sequences, including different durations or intervals, or music, thus requiring memory and more complex beat extraction processes (Fujii & Schlaug, 2013;Grahn & Brett, 2009;Iversen & Patel 2008;Müllensiefen, Gingras, Musil, & Stewart, 2014;Sowiński & Dalla Bella, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BAASTA: Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities

et al. 2016

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The Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA) is a new tool for the systematic assessment of perceptual and sensorimotor timing skills. It spans a broad range of timing skills aimed at differentiating individual timing profiles. BAASTA consists of sensitive time perception and production tasks. Perceptual tasks include duration discrimination, anisochrony detection (with tones and music), and a version of the Beat Alignment Task. Perceptual thresholds for duration discrimination and anisochrony detection are estimated with a maximum likelihood procedure (MLP) algorithm. Production tasks use finger tapping and include unpaced and paced tapping (with tones and music), synchronization-continuation, and adaptive tapping to a sequence with a tempo change. BAASTA was tested in a proof-of-concept study with 20 non-musicians (Experiment 1). To validate the results of the MLP procedure, less widespread than standard staircase methods, three perceptual tasks of the battery (duration discrimination, anisochrony detection with tones, and with music) were further tested in a second group of non-musicians using 2 down / 1 up and 3 down / 1 up staircase paradigms (n = 24) (Experiment 2). The results show that the timing profiles provided by BAASTA allow to detect cases of timing/rhythm disorders. In addition, perceptual thresholds yielded by the MLP algorithm, although generally comparable to the results provided by standard staircase, tend to be slightly lower. In sum, BAASTA provides a comprehensive battery to test perceptual and sensorimotor timing skills, and to detect timing/rhythm deficits.

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“…Regularization based on beat perception seems to be limited by the number of ratios within a sequence. When the ratio relationships of intervals are non-integer values without a clear beat, a duration-based timing strategy is assumed to have been activated (Grahn & Watson, 2013). In this circumstance, the duration of each interval is measured and stored separately like a stopwatch (Teki, Grube, & Griffiths, 2011; Teki, Grube, Kumar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained Effect of Auditory Entrainment With Coordinated Movement Varies With Temporal Complexity of Sequential Tapping

2023

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While the ability to coordinate movements temporally with rhythmic auditory stimuli is universal, previous investigators showed that accurate rhythm reproduction depends on temporal complexity. To date, the effect of multiple pitches on the timing of rhythmic movements has been assumed. Exploring a possible sustained entrainment effect of auditory stimuli on sequential movement might further elucidate the role of temporal complexity and its interaction with multiple pitch engagement. Thus, we investigated the sustained effect of auditory entrainment and the interaction between temporal complexity and pitch on predefined sequential tapping with tapping sequences predefined before a synchronization-timekeeping task. Temporal complexity was manipulated by increasing the number of non-integer ratios in temporal rhythm. The rhythm sequences were presented with either multiple pitches or a single pitch. We found a reduction in mean asynchronies and ratio error in three rhythms with non-integer ratios, while inter-response interval error was reduced in the integer rhythm and the rhythm with one repetitive integer ratio and one non-integer ratio. Ratio error remanence was less in rhythms with two non-integer ratios. We found no significant difference between the two pitch types. There was a sustained entrainment effect of sequential tapping that varied with differing temporal complexity, and pitch information was not essential for auditory entrainment. These findings provide support for possible interventions aimed at motor learning.

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Perspectives on Rhythm Processing In Motor Regions of the Brain

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Rhythmic tapping difficulties in adults who stutter: A deficit in beat perception, motor execution, or sensorimotor integration?

Rhythmic tapping difficulties in adults who stutter: A deficit in beat perception, motor execution, or sensorimotor integration?

BAASTA: Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities

Sustained Effect of Auditory Entrainment With Coordinated Movement Varies With Temporal Complexity of Sequential Tapping

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