Perspectives of Scaling up of Severe Plastic Deformation: A Case of High Pressure Torsion Extrusion

Abstract

A demand for cheap and simple methods of processing of nanocrystalline materials attracted attention to metal forming techniques allowing introduction of large strains into metallic materials. Thanks to that a new scientific field, "Materials by severe plastic deformation", had been born and became an important segment of material science. High pressure torsion (HPT) is the most effective SPD method in respect of the microstructure refinement and processing costs. Despite attractive mechanical and physical properties demonstrated by HPT-processed materials, this technique cannot be used in industry due to a limited size of processed samples. To overcome this problem, a plenty of SPD methods, allowing processing of large-scale billets, was developed. However, none of them has found any application in industry, except a few cases, which are rather exceptions that confirm the rule. This overview is an attempt to analyze the reasons why industrial players remain reluctant to use SPD in technological processes. For this purpose, the advantages and drawbacks of the High Pressure Torsion Extrusion method of SPD are regarded.

Severe Plastic Deformation of Light Metals (Magnesium, Aluminum and Titanium) and Alloys by High-Pressure Torsion: Review of Fundamentals and Mechanical/Functional Properties

“…13,14) Such materials are sometimes referred to as superfunctional materials due to their superior properties. 15,16) For the most recent progress in the field of SPD, the readers are referred to a 2023 special issue of Materials Transactions, 17) which covered various aspects like processing methods, [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] structural/microstructural features, [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] mechanical/functional properties, nanostructured metallic and non-metallic materials [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] and heterostructured materials. [69][70][71][72] Among various SPD methods, ECAP and ARB have the potential for commercialization.…”

A Promising Approach to Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: Mechanical Nanostructuring Synthesis of Magnesium by High Pressure Torsion Extrusion

“…As can be By subjecting the material to different extrusion speeds and rotational speeds as well as multiple cycles of extrusion, HPTE can impose a wide range of deformations in the material and achieve ultrafine-grained microstructures with grain sizes in the nanometer range, thereby enhancing the mechanical and functional properties. Depending on the parameters, a homogeneous or gradient microstructure could be achieved after processing [19]. Further details about the HPTE die and the process parameters can be found elsewhere [20,21].…”