Perspectives for ecosystem management based on ecosystem resilience and ecological thresholds against multiple and stochastic disturbances

Sasaki, Takehiro; Furukawa, Takuya; Iwasaki, Yoshiaki; Seto, Mayumi; Mori, Akira

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.019

Cited by 117 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…In this regard, it should be noted that biodiversity can confer resistance to an ecosystem, since a large number of species increase the likelihood of sustaining the processes that occur in an ecosystem in a wider range of conditions, compared to what would do one or few species [4,72]. That is why the model includes the interaction among different populations, so as to increase their performance and utility [14,73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding and predicting the variation and persistence of species diversity and community composition in space and time is a central question in ecology [4,7]. We propose a formal quantification of resilience and stability that shows how disturbances may affect the balance of individuals and communities, identifying a range where resilience and stability may be operating in ecological systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recovery assessments of ecosystem dynamics after disturbance do not provide definitive evidence for the existence of a threshold or a quantitative measure of resilience [4]. However, there are algorithms to model the environmental recovery on post-fire events [28,29] and modeling proposals for ecosystem recovery and behavior under climate change [30,31], but experimental tests of thresholds associated with disturbances are rare, particularly for terrestrial ecosystems [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resilience and stability refer to the ability of an ecosystem to withstand and recover from perturbations [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Resilience is a measure of the ability of systems to absorb changes and still persist [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disturbances induce a state shift that modifies biotic interactions and feedbacks within communities, such as competitive dynamics and plant-herbivore interactions [2,4,26,27] When the resilience of an ecological system is exceeded by the disturbances, a regime shift occurs [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Approaching the concepts of ecosystems resilience and stability through spatiotemporal system dynamics and agent-based modelling

Peña-Alzate

Barriga

2017

Rev. Fac. Ing. Univ. Antioquia

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Abstract:We introduce a simplified ecohydrological model to quantitatively assess the resiliency and stability of ecosystems over long periods. The model couples a hydrological soil moisture balance with a set of spatiotemporal systems dynamics and agent-based algorithms to represent the interactions among several plant populations in a gridded area under different water, soil and temperature constraints. We characterize the plant populations by allometric rules (i.e., power laws for generational and reproductive times; linear approximations for water and temperature gains, losses and optimal values; and a set of intra and interspecific interaction rules based on high, optimal and low competition responses among the populations), that represent different plant phenotypes. We define the disturbances by a clearance of populations in an area within the model's domain and calculate the resiliency and stability with simple indices to determine the ability of the ecosystem to recover from a disturbance. The indices evaluated on each population and over the structure of the entire ecosystem show how the populations respond differently to disturbances, following patterns similar to those expected in nature. The model can represent the spatial and temporal succession of the ecosystem after being disturbed, suggesting how the differences in the phenotypical characteristics of plant populations can be advantageous or disadvantageous for the ecosystem recovery.Resumen: Se presenta un modelo ecohidrológico simplificado para evaluar cuantitativamente la resiliencia y estabilidad de los ecosistemas durante largos períodos. El modelo acopla el balance hidrológico de humedad del suelo con un conjunto de dinámicas espaciotemporales de sistemas y algoritmos basados en agentes para representar las interacciones entre varias poblaciones de plantas en un área de grilla bajo diferentes restricciones de agua, suelo y temperatura. Las poblaciones de plantas se caracterizan por reglas alométricas (por ejemplo, leyes de potencia para tiempos generacionales y reproductivos; aproximaciones lineales para ganancias de agua y temperatura; pérdidas y valores óptimos; y un conjunto de reglas de interacción intra e interespecíficas basadas en respuestas de competencia altas, óptimas y bajas entre las poblaciones), que representan diferentes fenotipos de plantas. Los trastornos se determinan por una remoción de las poblaciones en un área dentro del dominio del modelo. La resistencia y la estabilidad se calculan con índices simples para determinar la capacidad del ecosistema para recuperarse de una perturbación. Los índices evaluados en cada población y sobre la estructura de todo el ecosistema muestran cómo las poblaciones responden de manera diferente a los disturbios, siguiendo patrones similares a los esperados en la naturaleza. El modelo puede representar la sucesión espacial y temporal del ecosistema después de ser perturbado, lo que sugiere que las diferencias en las características fenotípicas de las poblaciones de plantas pueden ser ventaj...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Approaching the concepts of ecosystems resilience and stability through spatiotemporal system dynamics and agent-based modelling

Peña-Alzate

Barriga

2017

Rev. Fac. Ing. Univ. Antioquia

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Is the protected Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) population in Gilbert Bay, Labrador, nearing a tipping point?

Morris

Green

2021

Aquatic Conservation

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The Gilbert Bay Marine Protected Area (MPA), Labrador, was created in 2005 to protect a resident, locally adapted population of Atlantic cod and its habitat. Twenty years of monitoring has shown a 90% decline in this bay‐cod population since the creation of the MPA. The decline of large commercial‐sized cod in the bay was accompanied with increases in the abundance of other fish species, including rock cod (Gadus macrocephalus ogac), sculpin (Myoxocephlalus scorpius), and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus), suggesting loss of strong top‐down community control. These changes suggest a positive feedback mechanism leading to a fish community tipping point, which could severely impact the recovery potential of the protected Atlantic cod population in the MPA. We suggest that managers should be including this possibility in their management decisions for the Gilbert Bay MPA.

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Evaluating forest resilience to global threats using functional response traits and network properties

Aquilué

Filotas

Craven

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Ecosystem functions provided by forests are threatened by direct and indirect effects of global change drivers such as climate warming land‐use change, biological invasions, and shifting natural disturbance regimes. To develop resilience‐based forest management, new tools and methods are needed to quantitatively estimate forest resilience to management and future natural disturbances. We propose a multidimensional evaluation of ecological resilience based on species functional response traits (e.g., functional response diversity and functional redundancy) and network properties of forested patches (e.g., connectivity, modularity, and centrality). Using a fragmented rural landscape in temperate south‐eastern Canada as a reference landscape, we apply our multidimensional approach to evaluate two alternative management strategies at three levels of intensity: (1) functional enrichment of current forest patches and (2) multi‐species plantations in previously non‐forested patches. Within each management strategy, planted species are selected to maximize functional diversity, drought tolerance, or pest resistance. We further compare how ecological resilience under these alternative management strategies responds to three simulated disturbances: drought, pest outbreak, and timber harvesting. We found that both management strategies enhance resilience at the landscape scale by increasing functional response diversity and connectivity. Specifically, when the less functionally diverse patches are prioritized for management, functional enrichment is more effective than the establishment of new multi‐species plantations in increasing resilience. In addition, randomly allocated multi‐species plantations increased connectivity more than those allocated in riparian areas. Our results show that across various management strategies, planting species to enhance biodiversity led to the highest increase in functional response diversity while planting pest‐resistant species led to the highest increase in landscape connectivity. Planting biodiversity‐enhancing species (i.e., species that maximize functional diversity) mitigated drought effects equally well as planting with drought‐tolerant species. Our multidimensional approach facilitates the characterization at the landscape scale of forest resilience to disturbances using both functional diversity and network properties while accounting for the importance of response traits to future disturbances. The simulation approach we used can be applied to forest landscapes across different biomes for the evaluation and comparison of forest management initiatives to enhance resilience.

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Perspectives for ecosystem management based on ecosystem resilience and ecological thresholds against multiple and stochastic disturbances

Cited by 117 publications

References 71 publications

Approaching the concepts of ecosystems resilience and stability through spatiotemporal system dynamics and agent-based modelling

Approaching the concepts of ecosystems resilience and stability through spatiotemporal system dynamics and agent-based modelling

Is the protected Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) population in Gilbert Bay, Labrador, nearing a tipping point?

Evaluating forest resilience to global threats using functional response traits and network properties

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