Perspectives and opportunities with multisubband plasmonics

Bajo, Miguel Montes; Chauveau, J.-M.; Vasanelli, Angela; Delteil, Aymeric; Todorov, Yanko; Sirtori, Carlo; Hierro, A.

doi:10.1063/5.0152527

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 128 publications

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“…The resonance corresponds to the excitation of a collective mode of the system, the multisubband plasmon, resulting from the phase locking of all different intersubband transitions. Multisubband plasmons have been the subject of intense research over the last decade [58] and have proven to be an excellent platform for investigating the ultrastrong coupling of light and matter excitations in an optical cavity. Multisubband plasmon can be imagined as a charge density wave where the collective dipole oscillates along the growth direction of the quantum well (z-axis), whilst the plasmon propagates in the quantum well plane (x-y plane), with a characteristic in-plane wavevector [59].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant Tunnelling and Intersubband Optical Properties of ZnO/ZnMgO Semiconductor Heterostructures: Impact of Doping and Layer Structure Variation

Atić,

Wang,

Vuković

et al. 2024

Materials

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ZnO-based heterostructures are up-and-coming candidates for terahertz (THz) optoelectronic devices, largely owing to their innate material attributes. The significant ZnO LO-phonon energy plays a pivotal role in mitigating thermally induced LO-phonon scattering, potentially significantly elevating the temperature performance of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs). In this work, we calculate the electronic structure and absorption of ZnO/ZnMgO multiple semiconductor quantum wells (MQWs) and the current density–voltage characteristics of nonpolar m-plane ZnO/ZnMgO double-barrier resonant tunnelling diodes (RTDs). Both MQWs and RTDs are considered here as two building blocks of a QCL. We show how the doping, Mg percentage and layer thickness affect the absorption of MQWs at room temperature. We confirm that in the high doping concentrations regime, a full quantum treatment that includes the depolarisation shift effect must be considered, as it shifts mid-infrared absorption peak energy for several tens of meV. Furthermore, we also focus on the performance of RTDs for various parameter changes and conclude that, to maximise the peak-to-valley ratio (PVR), the optimal doping density of the analysed ZnO/Zn88Mg12O double-barrier RTD should be approximately 1018 cm−3, whilst the optimal barrier thickness should be 1.3 nm, with a Mg mole fraction of ~9%.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant Tunnelling and Intersubband Optical Properties of ZnO/ZnMgO Semiconductor Heterostructures: Impact of Doping and Layer Structure Variation

Atić,

Wang,

Vuković

et al. 2024

Materials

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Tip‐Enhanced Imaging and Control of Infrared Strong Light‐Matter Interaction

Wang,

Johnson,

Nookala

et al. 2024

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Optical antenna resonators enable control of light‐matter interactions on the nano‐scale via electron–photon hybrid states in strong coupling. Specifically, mid‐infrared (MIR) nano‐antennas coupled to saturable intersubband transitions in multi‐quantum‐well (MQW) semiconductor heterostructures allow for the coupling strength to be tuned through antenna resonance and field intensity. Here, tip‐enhanced nano‐scale variation of antenna‐MQW coupling across the antenna is demonstrated, with a spatially‐dependent coupling strength varying from 73 (strong coupling) to 24 (weak coupling). This behavior is modeled based on the spatially dependent local constructive and destructive interference between tip and antenna fields. Using a quantum‐mechanical density‐matrix model of the MQW system with its designed values of transition dipole moment, doping density, and population decay time, the picosecond IR pulse coupling to intersubband transitions and the associated tip induced strong‐field saturation effects are described. These results present a new regime of nonlinear IR light‐matter control based on the dynamic manipulation of quantum hybrid states on the nanoscale and in the infrared, with a perspective regarding extension to molecular vibrations.

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Probing THz intersubband absorption using Johnson noise thermometry

Yoo,

Sherwin,

West

et al. 2024

Nanophotonics

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We investigate the THz intersubband absorption behavior of a single 40-nm wide GaAs/AlGaAs square quantum well (QW) using Johnson noise thermometry. In our measurements, the Johnson noise associated with intersubband absorption is measured from the in-plane conduction channel of the QW while its intersubband absorption behavior is being tuned through the independent control of the charge density and the perpendicular DC electric field. Our measurements enable the study of intersubband absorption of a small (∼20,000 and potentially fewer) number of electrons in a single mesoscopic device, as well as direct measurement of the electron heating from intersubband absorption. By measuring the Johnson noise response to monochromatic THz radiation at 2.52 THz and 4.25 THz at 20 K as a function of the DC electric field over a wide range of charge density, we show that the observed Johnson noise behavior correlates well with the expected intersubband absorption of the 40-nm QW. To explain the absorption features of the experimental results, we model the data by calculating the THz coupling efficiency based on the impedance model for intersubband absorption, which qualitatively reproduces the observed Johnson noise behavior well. Based on the temperature calibration of the Johnson noise measured at 2.52 THz, we deduce an increase in the electron temperature ΔT e of ∼ 35 ${\sim} 35$  K when the maximum absorption of THz power occurs in the device.

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Perspectives and opportunities with multisubband plasmonics

Cited by 4 publications

References 128 publications

Resonant Tunnelling and Intersubband Optical Properties of ZnO/ZnMgO Semiconductor Heterostructures: Impact of Doping and Layer Structure Variation

Resonant Tunnelling and Intersubband Optical Properties of ZnO/ZnMgO Semiconductor Heterostructures: Impact of Doping and Layer Structure Variation

Tip‐Enhanced Imaging and Control of Infrared Strong Light‐Matter Interaction

Probing THz intersubband absorption using Johnson noise thermometry

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