Perspectives and new directions for bioprocess optimization using Zymomonas mobilis in the ethanol production

Todhanakasem, Tatsaporn; Wu, Bo; Simeon, Saw

doi:10.1007/s11274-020-02885-4

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Although Z. mobilis could be an ideal host for lignocellulosic bioproducts, it is disadvantageous for bioethanol production using grains since it does not have enzymes such as amylase and maltase to utilize sugars other than sucrose, glucose, and fructose (Xia et al 2019 ). It seems that the high sugar environment of fruit saps that Z. mobilis evolved to thrive in shaped its capability of utilizing sugars of sucrose, glucose, and fructose that usually exist in fruits, and the unique features of its hopanoid membrane structure and anaerobic Entner–Doudoroff (ED) pathway with efficient enzymes of pyruvate decarboxylase (Pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenases (Adhs) help it tolerate and efficiently utilize high concentration sugars for high ethanol production and tolerance (Brenac et al 2019 ; Felczak et al 2021 ; Todhanakasem et al 2020 ; Wang et al 2018 ; Yang et al 2021 ) (Additional file 1 : Fig. S1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with yeast, Z. mobilis metabolizes glucose faster and produces ethanol more efficiently than S. cerevisiae with a higher ethanol yield due to its unique anaerobic ED pathway and efficient Pdc and Adh enzymes resulting in less ATP and biomass produced for more sugar to be used in ethanol production (Todhanakasem et al 2020 ; Yang et al 2016 , 2021 ). In addition, as a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium, Z. mobilis does not need oxygen control during fermentation, which can help simplify the fermentation processing and reduce infrastructure investment and fermentation cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revitalizing the ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis for sugar reduction in high-sugar-content fruits and commercial products

Chen

Huang

et al. 2021

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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The excessive consumption of sugars can cause health issues. Different strategies have been developed to reduce sugars in the diets. However, sugars in fruits and commercial products may be difficult to reduce, limiting their usage among certain populations of people. Zymomonas mobilis is a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) probiotic bacterium with the capability to produce levan-type prebiotics, and thrives in high-sugar environments with unique characteristics to be developed for lignocellulosic biofuel and biochemical production. In this study, the sugar reduction capabilities of Z. mobilis ZM4 were examined using two fruits of pear and persimmon and three high-sugar-content commercial products of two pear pastes (PPs) and one Chinese traditional wine (CTW). Our results demonstrated that Z. mobilis ZM4 can utilize sugars in fruits with about 20 g/L ethanol and less than 5 g/L sorbitol produced within 22 h using pears, and about 45 g/L ethanol and 30 g/L sorbitol produced within 34 h using persimmons. When PPs made from pears were used, Z. mobilis can utilize nearly all glucose (ca. 60 g/L) and most fructose (110 g/L) within 100 h with 40 ~ 60 g/L ethanol and more than 20 g/L sorbitol produced resulting in a final sorbitol concentration above 80 g/L. In the high-sugar-content alcoholic Chinese traditional wine, which contains mostly glucose and ethanol, Z. mobilis can reduce nearly all sugars with about 30 g/L ethanol produced, resulting in a final ethanol above 90 g/L. The ethanol yield and percentage yield of Z. mobilis in 50 ~ 60% CTW were 0.44 ~ 0.50 g/g and 86 ~ 97%, respectively, which are close to its theoretical yields—especially in 60% CTW. Although the ethanol yield and percentage yield in PPs were lower than those in CTW, they were similar to those in fruits of pears and persimmons with an ethanol yield around 0.30 ~ 0.37 g/g and ethanol percentage yield around 60 ~ 72%, which could be due to the formation of sorbitol and/or levan in the presence of both glucose and fructose. Our study also compared the fermentation performance of the classical ethanologenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4743 to Z. mobilis, with results suggesting that Z. mobilis ZM4 had better performance than that of yeast S. cerevisiae BY4743 given a higher sugar conversion rate and ethanol yield for sugar reduction. This work thus laid a foundation for utilizing the advantages of Z. mobilis in the food industry to reduce sugar concentrations or potentially produce alcoholic prebiotic beverages. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revitalizing the ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis for sugar reduction in high-sugar-content fruits and commercial products

Chen

Huang

et al. 2021

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It could be shown that the production yields can be increased when cells are tolerant to phenolic substances ( Yan et al, 2021 ; Yi et al, 2021 ). Several recent reviews summarize the metabolism of Z. mobilis and its application for various biotechnological applications ( Kalnenieks et al, 2019a ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Xia et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Kopp and Sunna, 2020 ; Todhanakasem et al, 2020 ). The characterization of the ploidy level and its regulation would not only deepen the insight into the cell biology of a second alpha-proteobacterium, but would also facilitate its biotechnological application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Copy Number Quantification Revealed That the Ethanologenic Alpha-Proteobacterium Zymomonas mobilis Is Polyploid

2021

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The alpha-proteobacterium Zymomonas mobilis is a promising biofuel producer, based on its native metabolism that efficiently converts sugars to ethanol. Therefore, it has a high potential for industrial-scale biofuel production. Two previous studies suggested that Z. mobilis strain Zm4 might not be monoploid. However, a systematic analysis of the genome copy number is still missing, in spite of the high potential importance of Z. mobilis. To get a deep insight into the ploidy level of Z. mobilis and its regulation, the genome copy numbers of three strains were quantified. The analyses revealed that, during anaerobic growth, the lab strain Zm6, the Zm6 type strain obtained from DSMZ (German Collection of Microorganisms), and the lab strain Zm4, have copy numbers of 18.9, 22.3 and 16.2, respectively, of an origin-adjacent region. The copy numbers of a terminus-adjacent region were somewhat lower with 9.3, 15.8, and 12.9, respectively. The values were similar throughout the growth curves, and they were only slightly downregulated in late stationary phase. During aerobic growth, the copy numbers of the lab strain Zm6 were much higher with around 40 origin-adjacent copies and 17 terminus-adjacent copies. However, the cells were larger during aerobic growth, and the copy numbers per μm3 cell volume were rather similar. Taken together, this first systematic analysis revealed that Z. mobilis is polyploid under regular laboratory growth conditions. The copy number is constant during growth, in contrast to many other polyploid bacteria. This knowledge should be considered in further engineering of the strain for industrial applications.

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“…Due to increase in demand of ethanol and high cost of production using traditional substrates like molasses and malt, ethanol produced is insufficient and expensive. There is need for a cost effective and profuse source of ethanol [6]. A process is required which can simply convert substrate into ethanol with less complexity and cost effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bioethanol from wheat straw via optimization of co-culture conditions of Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2021

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Bioethanol production has been a challenge for the researchers with respect to enhancing the bioethanol yield. In this study, we are reporting an efficient novel method to produce bioethanol. The process comprises co-culture technique to produce bioethanol from wheat straw, by co-culturing Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation allows wheat straw hydrolysis by cellulase enzyme produced by Bacillus licheniformis and conversion of produced reducing sugar into ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pre-treatment of wheat straw and optimization of co-culturing parameters like, time, pH, substrate concentrations and nitrogen source concentrations gave a net yield of ⁓ 4.11 g/l bioethanol. Scale up of optimised media to fermenter has resulted in a significant enhancement of bioethanol production to ⁓ 14.70 g/l.

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Perspectives and new directions for bioprocess optimization using Zymomonas mobilis in the ethanol production

Cited by 14 publications

References 130 publications

Revitalizing the ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis for sugar reduction in high-sugar-content fruits and commercial products

Revitalizing the ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis for sugar reduction in high-sugar-content fruits and commercial products

Genome Copy Number Quantification Revealed That the Ethanologenic Alpha-Proteobacterium Zymomonas mobilis Is Polyploid

Production of bioethanol from wheat straw via optimization of co-culture conditions of Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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