Personalizing web sites with mixed-initiative interaction

Abstract

26-28). Personalization refers to the automatic adjustment of information content, structure, and presentation tailored to an individual user. Commercial Web sites increasingly employ personalization to help retain customers and reduce information overload. For instance, Amazon's ecommerce site is estimated to have at least 23 different types of personalization (J. Riedl, "Personalization and Privacy,"IEEE Internet Computing,Nov.-Dec.2001,pp.29-31). But what does it mean for a Web site to be personalized? Some Web sites, especially e-commerce sites, welcome returning users and remember personal details, such as credit card numbers. Other Web sites track purchase patterns and recommend specific products. Still others provide browsing aids, such as top-10 visited links. A Web site is personalized if a user can interact with the site in an expressive way to achieve his information-seeking goals. Thus, personalizing the user's interaction is the best way to achieve personalization. This approach is complementary to thinking of personalization in terms of content relevance, delivery speed, and qualitative criteria such as utility and customer satisfaction.

Personalisation in web computing and informatics: Theories, techniques, applications, and future research

“…Personalisation is defined as automatic adjustment, re-structuring, and the presentation of tailored information content for individuals (Perugini and Ramakrishnan 2003). It builds customer loyalty by creating meaningful one-to-one relationships and understanding user needs in different contexts (Riecken 2000, Frias-Martinez et al 2006.…”

A Generative Programming Approach to Interactive Information Retrieval:Insights and Experiences

“…We have applied these techniques and our framework to several websites: (i) GAMS (Guide to Available Mathematical Software) at gams.nist.gov, (ii) Project Vote Smart at vote-smart.org, (iii) CITIDEL (Computing and Information Technology Interactive Digital Educational Library) at citidel.org [21], (iv) the Open Directory Project at dmoz.org, and (v) the Online Virginia Tech Timetables of Classes accessible through vt.edu. We refer the reader to [3,4,17] for the details of these case studies.…”

“…Extempore is embedded into a traditional web browser as a plug-in [3]. We also have implemented a voice interface using SALT (Speech Application Language Tags) to capture out-of-turn speech utterances (illustrated in Fig.…”

“…Our research began by exploring the use of partial evaluation to transform representations of websites, for realizing out-of-turn interaction [3]. One of the first lessons we learned was that program transformers have a novel use (hitherto unexplored) as stagers, i.e., devices to mediate and manage interaction between two entities.…”

Staging transformations for multimodal web interaction management

“…Mixed-initiative interaction (MII) has been well studied by the speech interfaces, artificial intelligence planning, and discourse analysis communities [2] but has only recently begun to be investigated in web interactions [34]. This is because the mechanisms for the user to take the initiative in web interactions used to be limited.…”