Editorial on the Research Topic
Allergens and Allergic Sensitization in Asia and the TropicsThe inception and clinical symptoms of allergic diseases are highly dependent on the environment, which makes the existence of a single pathogenesis for all these processes unlikely. Therefore, the search for common or specific components, whether genetic or environmental, will provide important information about basic mechanisms, phenotype characterization, and personalized management; and for this, nothing better than investigating the pathophysiological and epidemiological contrasts of allergies between populations with different genetic backgrounds or between populations with great environmental differences.The tropical region has been a traditional source of discoveries from foreign and native scientists, and nowadays interesting projects of scientific groups are exploring several aspects of allergic diseases, among them the patterns of sensitization to common allergens and their impact in the disease manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. These groups take advantage of known aspects of tropical zones such as their natural characteristics of climate and geographical location, their cultural aspects and the fact that most of the countries are not industrialized.Besides, Asia is a continent with industrialized temperate and tropical countries, as well as important environmental and cultural particularities that could also influence the development of allergic diseases and, of course, these aspects are currently investigated by several groups from this continent, which are collecting valuable data to resolve recognized unmet needs. In fact, while allergic sensitization and the nature of allergenic sources have been extensively characterized in western industrialized countries, such exhaustive analysis is quite lacking and remains to be broadly performed for Asian and tropical countries.This "Research Topic Allergens and Allergic Sensitization in Asia and the Tropics" includes several representative papers on this underexplored field. Here, different peculiarities of allergic problems in Asia and the Tropics are analyzed, which will surely serve as the basis for making comparisons that help to increase knowledge about their pathogenesis.Three of these works confirm that patterns of sensitization to pollens, indoor allergens, and food in Asia have regional characteristics that make a difference from western countries. For example, in Korea (Jeong and Park), sawtooth oak, and birch pollens in the spring in conjunction with weed pollens of mugwort, ragweed, and Japanese hop are the main causes of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Among food allergens, the sensitization to silkworm pupa and buckwheat is also common in Korean patients. Interestingly, honeybee venom due to apitherapy is an important cause of anaphylaxis. In a study from Thailand (Katel et al.), an Asian tropical country, indoor and outdoor aeroallergen sensitization, as detected by skin test, was observed in 32 and 7.9% of adult allergic rhinitis patients, respect...