Personality variables and disorders in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Vitousek, Kelly M.; Manke, Frederic P.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.103.1.137

Cited by 402 publications

(315 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…In addition, these alterations in postmeal amino acid metabolism are only partly reversed by nutritional rehabilitation (80). It has been speculated (1,12) that there is an anxiety-reducing character to dietary restraint in people with AN. In fact, we have found that the anxiolytic effects of dieting in AN were related to a reduction in 5-HT neurotransmission.…”

Section: Diet and Brain 5-ht Neurotransmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurobiology of anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Kaye

2008

Physiology & Behavior

521

369

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Section: Diet and Brain 5-ht Neurotransmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence that there is a dysphoria reducing character to dietary restraint (1,12,66) and binge-purge behaviors (119)(120)(121). This would suggest some interaction between pathways regulating appetitive behaviors and emotions.…”

Section: Appetitive Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology of anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Kaye

2008

Physiology & Behavior

521

369

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“…[3][4][5][6] Perfectionism represents a precursor to, and a characteristic of, the acute phases of certain eating disorders. [7][8][9][10] Previous investigations have demonstrated that perfectionism persists after long-term weight recovery from anorexia nervosa (AN), and is present in relatives of women with eating disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between perfectionism and specific disordered eating behaviors

Forbush

Heatherton

Keel

2006

Intl J Eating Disorders

102

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Objective: Perfectionism has been reported as a specific risk factor for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, but not binge eating disorder. This study examined whether these differences are due to differential associations between perfectionism and specific eating disorder behaviors.Method: Participants (N ¼ 2,482) completed the eating disorders inventory perfectionism scale and a questionnaire assessing eating disorder symptoms.Results: Perfectionism was associated with an array of disordered eating behaviors in women. However, associations were strongest for fasting and purging. Further, the association between binge eating and perfectionism was statistically mediated by fasting. In men, perfectionism was significantly associated only with fasting, and this association was greater than associations with other disordered eating behaviors. Conclusion:Results explain why previous studies have reported weak or inconsistent associations between perfectionism and binge eating and may inform etiological models of EDNOS characterized by fasting or purging. V V C 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Stice and colleagues (Stice, Akutagawa, Gaggar, & Agras, 2000;Stice, Ziemba, Margolis, & Flick, 1996) emphasized that negative affect and dietary restraint are important triggers for the development of bulimic pathology. Studies have suggested bulimics report more depression, increased anxiety, and lower self-esteem when compared to non-bulimics (Mintz & Betz, 1988;Vitousek & Manke, 1994). Many bulimic women report periods of increased depression, anxiety, and feelings of inadequacy prior to engaging in binge-eating behaviors (Steinberg, Tobin, & Johnson, 1990).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the Risk of Disordered Eating Among Female College Students: A Test of Alternative Interventions

Machin¹,

Leigh²

2009

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a cognitive-dissonance based intervention in reducing disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. The intervention program created dissonance through discussion, exercises, and homework aimed at addressing and countering internalized sociocultural pressures, beliefs and values about women's bodies, attractiveness, and worth in the U.S. Seventy-seven female undergraduates were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: cognitive-dissonance, combined cognitive-dissonance, healthy weight placebo control, and wait-list control To determine effectiveness of the intervention, MANCOVA procedures were used, with Time 1 scores serving as the covariate. Overall, the women who received the dissonance based interventions produced the strongest effects among measures assessing sociocultural pressures, internalization, and body dissatisfaction in comparison to the control group, and experienced significant reductions in dieting behaviors and bulimic symptoms over the course of the study, suggesting that the creation of dissonance via the intervention assisted the women in reducing eating disorder risk factors. Tebbe for all their efforts and enthusiasm in the initial development of these programs.On a personal note, I would like to thank Kelsey Latimer for her unconditional support throughout this program and for making studying for tests seem like a lot of fun! I would like to thank all my family members (Momm, Dadd, Elissa, Michael, Tom, Sarah, Gramma, Gloria, Horacio, Florencia, and Alejandro) for always caring and listening to me when I had a lot to say. Finally, I would like to thank Sebastian Machin for his generosity, support, and love…we did it.iii (Mussell, Binford, & Fulkerson, 2000). Even so, most researchers acknowledge the central role that sociocultural factors play in their development (Striegel-Moore & Bulik, 2007). The pursuit and internalization of societal ideals of thinness (the "thin ideal") may be attributable in part to repeated exposure to messages, communicated by family, friends, and the media, that glamorize and glorify excessive thinness (Irving, 1990;Stice, Schupak-Neuberg, Shaw, & Stein, 1994). Women may become dissatisfied with their bodies as they compare themselves to these unrealistic and unattainable societal body ideals (Brownell, 1991), and then react to this dissatisfaction in one (or both) of two specific ways. For some women, because physical appearance strongly influences their self-evaluation and emotional state, body dissatisfaction can lead to feelings of sadness, guilt, shame, depression, anxiety, and hostility. To cope with and distract themselves from these negative emotions, these women may binge eat; that is, eating becomes a salve for their affective distress (Stice, 2001). Other women may react to their body dissatisfaction by increasing their efforts to diet in an attempt to alter physical size to more closely approximate the societal thin-ideal. Because of the extensive caloric restriction and the inability to mai...

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Personality variables and disorders in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Cited by 402 publications

References 95 publications

Neurobiology of anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Neurobiology of anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Relationships between perfectionism and specific disordered eating behaviors

Reducing the Risk of Disordered Eating Among Female College Students: A Test of Alternative Interventions

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