Personality Traits and Disorders Among Adult ADHD Patients: Is Borderline Personality Disorder as Common as we Expect?

Oliva, Francesco; Bramante, Stefano; Pomeri, Alberto Portigliatti; Carezana, Claudio; Nibbio, Gabriele; Mangiapane, C.; Maina, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.060

Cited by 3 publications

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“…This study included several mediating variables [marital status ( Botterill et al., 2016 ; Harpin, 2005 ), employment ( Feigelman et al., 1995 ; Harpin, 2005 ), smoking status ( McClernon & Kollins, 2008 ; Petry & Oncken, 2002 ), alcohol dependence ( del Pino-Gutiérrez et al., 2017 ; Wilens, 2004 ), drug use ( Wareham & Potenza, 2010 ; Wilens, 2004 ), IQ ( Biederman et al., 2012 ; Rai et al., 2014 ), common mental disorders (CMDs; depressive episode and/or anxiety disorders) ( Becker et al., 2015 ; Clarke, 2006 ; Davidsson et al., 2017 ), BPD traits ( Matthies & Philipsen, 2014 ; Oliva et al., 2017 ), perceived stress and the number of stressful life events ( Biback & Zack, 2015 ; Vrijsen et al., 2017 ), and impulsivity ( Hodgins & Holub, 2015 ; Miller et al., 2010 )], which may be associated with or be the consequence of ADHD, and also be the cause of gambling problems. Sociodemographic variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding intelligence, children with ADHD have been reported to have lower intelligence quotient (IQ) than control subjects ( Biederman, Fried, Petty, Mahoney, & Faraone, 2012 ), and in turn, people with lower IQ are at a higher risk of problem gambling ( Rai et al., 2014 ). In addition, there has been some literature showing that ADHD is strongly associated with mental disorders and BPD ( Becker, Langberg, Evans, Girio-Herrera, & Vaughn, 2015 ; Davidsson et al., 2017 ; Matthies & Philipsen, 2014 ), while some authors have suggested that these disorders might be key players in the subsequent onset of gambling addiction ( Clarke, 2006 ; Oliva et al., 2017 ). Finally, stressful life events and stress are frequently found in people with ADHD ( Vrijsen et al., 2017 ), and they are often considered as strong motivations for gambling ( Biback & Zack, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

2018

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Background and aimsOur goal was to examine the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and gambling problems, and to identify potential mediating factors of this association.MethodsThis study used cross-sectional, community-based data from 7,403 people aged ≥16 years who participated in the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener. Problem gambling was assessed using a questionnaire based on the 10 DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling. Respondents were classified as having no problem, at-risk, or problem gambling. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted to analyze the association between ADHD symptoms (i.e., ASRS score ≥14) and problem gambling and the role of several variables in this association.ResultsThe prevalence of at-risk (5.3% vs. 2.4%) and problem gambling (2.4% vs. 0.6%) was higher in individuals with ADHD symptoms than in those without ADHD symptoms. ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with both at-risk (OR = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.22–3.79) and problem gambling (OR = 3.57; 95% CI = 1.53–8.31) when adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity. Common mental disorders (CMDs; i.e., depression and anxiety disorders) (mediated percentage = 22.4%), borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits (22.1%), stressful life events (13.2%), stress at work or home (12.6%), alcohol dependence (11.8%), and impulsivity (11.2%) were significant mediators in the ADHD–gambling association.Discussion and conclusionsOverall, ADHD symptoms were positively associated with problem gambling. CMDs, BPD traits, and stressful life events were important mediators in this relationship.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

2018

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“…Miller et al found that the risk of developing a personality disorder is increased in the individuals with ADHD. In his study he showed that the most frequent were borderline, antisocial, avoidant and narcissistic personality disorders 11,12 .…”

Section: Original Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity and Impulsivity in a Sample of Personality Disorder Patients

Aelenei¹,

Prelipceanu²

2018

Rev. Med. Mod.

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Background: ADHD and personality disorders can show several common clinical characteristics. When evaluating individuals more closely it can be found that there are several specifi c attention features and also hyperactivity and impulsivity features that can differentiate these diagnostic categories, as well as functionality in different areas of life. Material and methods: In this study a sample of 140 individuals with a personality disorder has been evaluated in order to determine the proportion of symptoms of attention defi cit and hyperactivity/impulsivity by using the scale DIVA. Two groups were formed: A-the ADHD group and B-the nonADHD group. The ADHD group has three subgroups depending on the most frequent disabilities (inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive and combined). A global assessment has been made by using the scales CGIs, GAF and WFIRS (Weiss Scale). Results: Average scores have been calculated on the attention and hyperactive/impulsive domain in the two groups and then in the subgroups. The hyperactive/ impulsive domain is better represented in each group. A comparative approach referring to all the groups has been realized. Then, it has been studied the prevalence of the 18 items from the DIVA scale in the groups identifi ed above and the proportions in which they differentiate the two populations. The items A6,A4,H1,H8 differentiate best the ADHD and non ADHD patients. The differentiation using the scales CGI, GAF, WFIRS (Weiss Scale) has been studied. Then, the personality disorders in the initial diagnosis have been interpreted. The most frequent personality disorders identifi ed in the ADHD group are: mixed (29%), antisocial (24%), borderline (20%), avoidant (7%) and histrionic (7%). Conclusions: The study has been successful in evaluating the difference between ADHD and nonADHD patients not only by differentiating symptoms, but also functionality and the initial diagnostic perspective.

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“…Th ere have been many correlations in literature regarding ADHD in the adult population and personality disorders, the relationship being explained in multiple ways. An aspect that can be discussed is the fact that in many cases this symptomatology that persists longitudinally with possible fl uctuations can be complicated by the emergence of other comorbidities 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult ADHD, Comorbidities and Impact on Functionality in a Population of Individuals with Personality Disorders – DSM IV and DSM 5 Perspectives

Aelenei¹,

Prelipceanu²

2018

Rev. Med. Mod.

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Background: ADHD and personality disorders show a considerable symptom overlap. Sometimes these disorders are complicated by comorbidities, the most frequent being depression, alcohol and drug abuse or dependence. Their presence impact the functionality of patients. The introduction of DSM 5 brought a new perspective on the approach of these disorders. Material and methods: The study consists of the evaluation of a sample of 140 individuals with personality disorders. From this sample it has been determined the proportion of the ADHD patients by using a specifi c scale (DIVA). First the analysis has been made using the DSM IV criteria. Two groups were formed: A-the ADHD group and B-the personality disorder non ADHD group. The possible comorbidities in the two groups A and B have been determined using the instrument MINI. The impact on functionality was evaluated with the scale WFIRS and the overall severity with the presence of hospitalizations. The same analysis has been made using the DSM 5 criteria. Then a comparison between the two classifi cations has been made. Results: The prevalence of ADHD in the initial sample of the personality disorder patients has been 29.3% after the DSM IV classifi cation and 44.3% after the DSM 5. Moreover, the prevalence of depression, alcohol, drug abuse and dependence and other comorbidities has been determined in the ADHD and non-ADHD group, fi rst using the DSM IV criteria, then using the DSM 5 criteria. A comparison between the two situations has been made, as well as an evaluation of the impact on functionality. Conclusions: The presence of depression, substance use disorders other than alcohol and alcohol use disorders are not signifi cant in the differentiation of ADHD patients from the population of personality disorder nonADHD patients. The overall severity and the impact on functionality as assessed with the presence of hospitalizations and the WFIRS scale show a signifi cant importance in differentiating the intensity of ADHD symptomatology.

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Personality Traits and Disorders Among Adult ADHD Patients: Is Borderline Personality Disorder as Common as we Expect?

Cited by 3 publications

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Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

Relationship between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and problem gambling: A mediation analysis of influential factors among 7,403 individuals from the UK

Symptoms of Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity and Impulsivity in a Sample of Personality Disorder Patients

Adult ADHD, Comorbidities and Impact on Functionality in a Population of Individuals with Personality Disorders – DSM IV and DSM 5 Perspectives

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