Personality from a controlled processing perspective: An fMRI study of neuroticism, extraversion, and self-consciousness

Eisenberger, Naomi I.; Lieberman, Matthew D.; Satpute, Ajay B.

doi:10.3758/cabn.5.2.169

Cited by 165 publications

(146 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, one strategy to elucidate the neural substrate of neuroticism has been to study brain responses to negative affective (Canli, 2004) or conflicting (Eisenberger et al, 2005;Haas et al, 2007b) stimuli with noninvasive neuroimaging techniques. This work has begun to identify brain regions in which the amplitude of activation in response to negative (relative to neutral or positive) stimuli correlates significantly with neuroticism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stop the sadness: Neuroticism is associated with sustained medial prefrontal cortex response to emotional facial expressions

2008

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Neuroticism is a personality trait associated with negative mood states, sensitivity to negative information, negative appraisal and vulnerability to psychopathology. Previous studies have associated the sustained processing of negative information (words) with individual differences such as rumination and depression but not with personality. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between neuroticism and changes in sustained patterns of activity within a brain region implicated in emotional self-evaluation and appraisal, the Medial Prefrontal Cortex (MedPFC), when responding to emotional facial expressions (happy, fearful, and sad). We tested whether higher scores of neuroticism are associated with greater sustained patterns of brain activity in the MedPFC when responding to blocks of negative facial expressions. We found that higher scores of neuroticism were associated with greater sustained MedPFC activity throughout blocks of sad facial expressions, but not fearful or happy facial expressions. Based on the relationship between neuroticism and sensitivity to negative information, the current finding identifies a sustained temporal mechanism to this relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stop the sadness: Neuroticism is associated with sustained medial prefrontal cortex response to emotional facial expressions

2008

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“…In response to an inhibition task, self-reported More precisely, extraversion is negatively correlated with the activity of the PFC when the oddball trials are compared to the non-oddball trials in the inhibition task [8] .…”

Section: Fmrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…anterior cingulate cortex (A CC), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), the amygdala, and the nucleus accumbens [8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). E vidence from task-related neuroimaging revealed that extraversion is associated with activation in the p osterior cingulate/precuneus (PCC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (A CC), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), the amygdala, and the nucleus accumbens [8][9][10] .Furthermore, resting-state neuroimaging has revealed that spontaneous oscillations in the PCC, mPFC, orbitofrontal cortex, insula and hippocampus are signifi cantly correlated with extraversion [11][12][13] . As both task-related and resting- It is worth mentioning that resting-state neuroimaging is increasingly showing advantages [14] .…”

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Functional neuroimaging of extraversion-introversion

Lei

Yang

2015

Neurosci. Bull.

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Neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography have provided an unprecedented neurobiological perspective for research on personality traits . Evidence from task-related neuroimaging has shown that extraversion is associated with activations in regions of the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, middle temporal gyrus and the amygdala. Currently, resting-state neuroimaging is being widely used in cognitive neuroscience. Initial exploration of extraversion has revealed correlations with the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, and the precuneus. Recent research work has indicated that the long-range temporal dependence of the resting-state spontaneous oscillation has high test-retest reliability. Moreover, the long-range temporal dependence of the resting-state networks is highly correlated with personality traits, and this can be used for the prediction of extraversion. As the long-range temporal dependence refl ects real-time information updating in individuals, this method may provide a new approach to research on personality traits.Keywords: extraversion; neuroimaging; resting-state fMRI; default mode network ; scale-free dynamics ·Review· IntroductionIn personality psychology, personality traits are regarded as an individual's lasting and stable behavioral tendencies at different times and in different situations. As one of the most important dimensions of personality traits, extraversion is the best established and validated [1] . Moreover, extraversion is the most stable core trait and a universal component in personality theory. Extraverts are typically described in positive emotional terms such as excitement, engagement, and enthusiasm. In contrast, introverts are described as quiet, conservative, and insensitive to the environment.An individual with high extraversion is more talkative, outgoing, and excited than someone with low extraversion, but even people with low extraversion may occasionally experience talkative and outgoing states. Trait levels of extraversion are known to be highly heritable and are linked to vulnerability to anxiety and major depression disorder [2,3] .Although much is known about the behavioral correlates of extraversion, little is understood about its biological basis.Research on personality traits usually has the ambitious goal of providing a comprehensive understanding of a person's integrated framework [3] . To achieve this goal, various effective research methods have been adopted.Based on the premise that the whole person cannot be understood without understanding the brain, p ersonality neuroscience has emerged as an important direction in the study of personality traits [4] . Generally, personality traits are measured by questionnaire through self-report or peerrating. Then, correlations between personality traits and n eurobiological p arameters are calculated [5] . Currently, a number of techniques are available for personality neuroscience. Anatomical neuroima...

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Resting Metabolic Activity in the Cingulate Cortex and Vulnerability to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Shin¹,

Lasko²,

Macklin³

et al. 2009

Arch Gen Psychiatry

129

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Context Recent neuroimaging research has revealed functional abnormalities in the anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala and hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective To determine whether resting functional abnormalities found in PTSD are acquired characteristics or familial risk factors. Design Cross-sectional design including identical twins discordant for trauma exposure. Setting Academic medical center. Participants Combat-exposed veterans with PTSD (n=14) and their identical, combat-unexposed co-twins (n=14), as well as combat-exposed veterans without PTSD (n=19) and their identical, combat-unexposed co-twins (n=19). Main Outcome Measures We used positron emission tomography and [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose to examine resting regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRglu). Results Veterans with PTSD and their co-twins had significantly higher resting rCMRglu in dorsal anterior cingulate/mid cingulate cortex (dACC/MCC) compared to non-PTSD veterans and their co-twins. Resting rCMRglu in dACC/MCC in the combat-unexposed co-twins was positively correlated with combat exposure severity, PTSD symptom severity, and alcohol use in their exposed twins. Conclusions Enhanced resting metabolic activity in dACC/MCC appears to represent a familial risk factor for developing PTSD after exposure to psychological trauma.

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Personality from a controlled processing perspective: An fMRI study of neuroticism, extraversion, and self-consciousness

Cited by 165 publications

References 70 publications

Stop the sadness: Neuroticism is associated with sustained medial prefrontal cortex response to emotional facial expressions

Stop the sadness: Neuroticism is associated with sustained medial prefrontal cortex response to emotional facial expressions

Functional neuroimaging of extraversion-introversion

Resting Metabolic Activity in the Cingulate Cortex and Vulnerability to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

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