Personality factors and eating disorders: Self-uncertainty

Lojewski, Astrid von; Abraham, Suzanne

doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.10.020

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In males, perceived weight was found to explain drive for thinness, bulimia, and body dissatisfaction; and in females, it explained drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction. These results are consistent with other studies’ findings, given that discomfort with perceived weight includes body dissatisfaction, an underlying variable in body image distortion (von Lojewski & Abraham, 2014). This dissatisfaction differs as a function of the aesthetic body ideals ascribed to each sex – desire for muscular, toned male bodies and hyper-thin female bodies (Forsén et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…These results are in line with other studies’ findings that general self-esteem, body self-esteem, and happiness are less satisfying emotional states for people with ED or risk of ED (Horndasch et al, 2012), or for people whose poor self-concept becomes a source of susceptibility to body dissatisfaction and risk of developing ED (von Lojewski & Abraham, 2014). The differences in happiness levels observed in this study, favoring the WR-ED group, reiterates Joos et al’s (2009) findings in confirming patients with ED experience lower subjective well-being and/or happiness than control groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A review of 15 years of ED research (Behar, 2010) and predictive studies (von Lojewski & Abraham, 2014; Zanetti, Santonastaso, Sgaravatti, Degortes, & Favaro, 2013) concludes that clinical scores differ significantly in AR-ED (at-risk of ED) versus WR-ED (without-risk of ED) patients, with interoceptive awareness, feeling of worthlessness (ineffectiveness), maturity fears, and perfectionism being predictors, and the latter being one of the main risk factors to trigger eating pathology when body dissatisfaction is present.…”

Section: Ed: Explanatory Variables and Relation To Other Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second was to find, in the group at risk of developing ED, gender differences on the study’s variables of interest. Considering various research findings (Loth et al, 2014; Lundahl et al, 2015; Sehm & Warschburger, 2015; von Lojewski & Abraham, 2014) that identified certain variables (preoccupation with weight, anxiety, depression, anger, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, impulsivity, perfectionism…) as explanatory in ED, the third objective was to identify explanatory variables for drive for thinness, bulimia, and body dissatisfaction in AR-ED males and females. We propose three hypotheses regarding those objectives: (1) We expect to find statistically significant differences between the AR-ED and WR-ED groups such that the latter will score higher on positive variables and lower on negative ones; (2) Males in the AR-ED group will score higher on positive emotions, and females will score higher on perceived weight and negative emotions; and (3) In the AR-ED group, the explanatory variables will be perceived weight, ineffectiveness, impulsivity, perfectionism, maturity fears, anxiety, happiness, and self-esteem.…”

Section: Objectives and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating Problems in Adolescents and Youths: Explanatory Variables

2016

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This study had the following goals: (1) to analyze the differences between participants with and without risk of eating disorders (ED) in self-esteem, happiness, depression, anxiety, anger, and psychological variables related to ED; (2) to determine possible differences in the group at risk of ED on these variables as a function of sex; and (3) to determine which variables explain the risk of ED. Eight assessment instruments were administered to 1.075 participants (74.6% without risk of ED and 25.4% at risk). The results confirmed: (1) Significant differences such that the without-risk group scored higher on self-esteem and happiness, and lower on depression, anxiety, anger, ED-related variables, and perceived weight (large effect size: η2 = .49; r = .70); (2) Within the at-risk group, males scored higher on body self-esteem, general self-esteem, and anger-state, while females scored higher on perceived weight, state-trait depression, state-trait anxiety, inefficiency, interoceptive awareness, and asceticism (large effect size: η2 = .31; r = .56); and (3) The explanatory variables in both sexes were: for drive for thinness - perceived weight, inefficiency, and impulsivity; for bulimia - body self-esteem; and for body dissatisfaction - inefficiency, perceived weight, anxiety-trait, and happiness. The study provides relevant variables for designing ED prevention and/or treatment programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Ed: Explanatory Variables and Relation To Other Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objectives and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating Problems in Adolescents and Youths: Explanatory Variables

2016

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“…[70] The results indicate that Chinese medical students are at relatively lower risk of suffering eating disorders regardless of other mental health problems, including depression and anxiety. Some studies have reported that body weight is positively correlated with eating disorders, [71,72] and the average body mass index of Chinese people is generally lower than those of the populations in Western countries. [73–75] This might explain why Chinese medical students have a relatively lower prevalence of eating disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of mental health problems among medical students in China

Zeng¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

Medicine

195

141

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Background: The prevalence of mental health problems in medical students has continuously increased and is higher than the prevalence of mental health problems in students with other majors, which could lead to undesirable consequences for the students and their future patients. In China, the current states of medical education and healthcare workplaces differ in certain areas from those in Western or other Asian countries. However, the mental health status of Chinese medical students has not been systematically analyzed. Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the prevalence of mental health problems in Chinese medical students. Methods: All cross-sectional studies that investigated the prevalence of any mental health problem among Chinese medical students were retrieved from the following databases: EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, OVID, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We accepted each individual trial's inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was adopted to appraise the methodological quality of each study. RevMan (version 5.3) was used to analyze the data. Results: Ten cross-sectional studies involving a total of 30,817 Chinese medical students were included. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and eating disorders were 29%, 21%, 11%, and 2%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation between genders and no significant difference in the prevalence of depression between individuals of different ages (20 years and older or younger than 20 years). Conclusions and implications of key findings: Chinese medical students have relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation but a low prevalence of eating disorders. Mental health problems in Chinese medical students should be taken seriously, and timely screening of and proper intervention in these mental health problems are highly recommended.

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Is personality the key in cognitive‐behavioural therapy for eating disorders? A review

Fumagalli

Margola

2021

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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The efficacy of individual cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for eating disorders can be assessed by investigating the potential predictors, mediators and moderators of treatment. The present review focused on personality since its crucial role has been emphasized both by research and practice. Sixteen studies were collected, and data were extracted through a highly operationalized coding system. Overall, personality disorders were the most investigated construct; however, their influence was somewhat contradictory. A more cogent result occurred for borderline personality disorder (BPD) when considered as a moderator (not a predictor nor a mediator).Patients with a more disturbed borderline personality benefited to a greater extent from treatments including booster modules on affects, interpersonal relationships and mood intolerance, rather than symptoms exclusively. Nine additional personality dimensions, beyond BPD, were investigated sparsely, and results regarding them were barely indicative in this review. However, some of these dimensions (e.g., affective lability and stimulus-seeking behaviours) could be traced back to BPD, thereby strengthening evidence of the role of borderline disorder as a moderator.Although research on the relationship between personality and eating disorders needs to be increased and methodologically improved, personality, taken as a whole, emerged as a promising variable for enhancing the efficacy of CBT.

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Personality factors and eating disorders: Self-uncertainty

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Eating Problems in Adolescents and Youths: Explanatory Variables

Eating Problems in Adolescents and Youths: Explanatory Variables

Prevalence of mental health problems among medical students in China

Is personality the key in cognitive‐behavioural therapy for eating disorders? A review

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