Personality Disorders in Young Adult Survivors of Pediatric Burn Injury

Thomas, Christopher R.; Russell, William J.; Robert, Rhonda; Hölzer, Charles E.; Blakeney, Patricia; Meyer, Walter J.

doi:10.1521/pedi.2012.26.2.255

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Childhood abuse was also related to PPD symptom level, suggesting a dose-response relationship, even when PPD symptoms were subthreshold for the diagnosis [66] [67]. Although these studies have focused on chronic trauma from caregivers, acute physical trauma in the form of childhood burn injury has also found to be a risk factor for adult PPD traits [68]. …”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mistrustful and Misunderstood: a Review of Paranoid Personality Disorder

Lee

2017

Curr Behav Neurosci Rep

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Purpose of review Paranoid Personality Disorder (PPD) has historically been neglected by science out of proportion to its prevalence or its association with negative clinical outcomes. This review provides an update on what is known about PPD regarding its prevalence, demographics, comorbidity, biological mechanism, risk factors, and relationship to psychotic disorders. Recent Findings PPD has long been the subject of a rich and prescient theoretical literature which has provided a surprisingly coherent account of the psychological mechanism of non-delusional paranoia. Available data indicate that PPD has a close relationship with childhood trauma and social stress. Descriptive data on a sample of 115 individuals with Paranoid Personality Disorder is examined in comparison with a group of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder. The descriptive data largely confirm previously identified relationships between Paranoid Personality Disorder and childhood trauma, violence, and race. We identify important similarities to and differences from Borderline Personality Disorder. Summary PPD continues to be an important construct in the clinic and the laboratory. Available data lead to a reconsideration of the disorder as more closely related to trauma than to schizophrenia.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mistrustful and Misunderstood: a Review of Paranoid Personality Disorder

Lee

2017

Curr Behav Neurosci Rep

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“…Several other aspects of this study have been published elsewhere. 8,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18 This study was supported by the National Institute of Disability and Rehabilitation Research grant # H133G990052, and was conducted as part of the General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, which was funded by grant # M01RR00073 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Perceptions of Young Adults Who Survived Severe Childhood Burn Injury

Russell

Robert

Thomas

et al. 2013

Journal of Burn Care & Research

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Objective The transition of pediatric burn survivors into adulthood is accompanied by a reformulation of their self concept. In order to anticipate the need for and guide development of appropriate psychosocial interventions, this study examines how young adults who were burned as children perceive themselves and how this perception might affect their self-esteem. Method 82 young adult burn survivors (45 males, 37 females) were assessed using the Tennessee Self-Concept, 2nd Edition (TSCS2) to determine how the participants perceive themselves and their interaction with society. To gain insight into the possible effects of these self-concept scores, relationships were analyzed between self-concept, a behavioral assessment (Young Adult Self-Report, YASR) and a psychiatric symptom assessment (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, SCID I). Results This group of burn survivors scored significantly lower in self-concepts, reflected in TSCS2 sub-scale scores of Physical function, appearance, and sexuality, Moral conduct, Personal values, Academics and work, and Identity than did the reference population. Pearson correlation coefficients showed that as Moral, Personal, Family and Social aspects of self concept decreased, clinical problems endorsed on the YASR sub-scales increased, including Anxiety Somatic, Attention, Intrusive and Aggressive. Persons with lower self-concept scores on the TSCS2 Personal, Family, and Social Scales, were more withdrawn on the YASR. Similarly those with lower TSCS2 scores on the Personal and Family Scales endorsed significantly more Thought Problems on the YASR. Affective distress on the SCID I was associated with significantly lower self concept. TSCS2 Total Self Concept, Personal, and all of the Supplementary Scale scores were significantly lower for the group with an affective disorder. Those whose SCID I scores were consistent with a current anxiety disorder had significantly lower scores for the TSCS2 Total Self Concept and Personal. Lower self-concept was associated with endorsement of SCID I symptoms (Identity, p= .0018, Satisfaction, p=.0018, and Behavior, p= .0004). Although the major limitation of this study using the TSCS2 is the lack of a matched reference population to compare with the burn survivors, the TSCS2 does help in gaining insight into the self esteem issues of this population.

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“…Children are particularly affected and can suffer from long-term physical dysfunction 1,2 and psychological harm [3][4][5] from the scars that result from major burns and surgery. In the United States, 500,000 patients per year are treated for burns, many of which leave scars and painful contractures that require major surgery.…”

Section: Overview Biomedical and Societal Burden Of Scarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Scarring: Basic Science, Current Treatments, and Future Directions

Marshall

Leavitt

et al. 2018

Advances in Wound Care

226

176

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Significance: Scarring of the skin from burns, surgery, and injury constitutes a major burden on the healthcare system. Patients affected by major scars, particularly children, suffer from long-term functional and psychological problems. Recent Advances: Scarring in humans is the end result of the wound healing process, which has evolved to rapidly repair injuries. Wound healing and scar formation are well described on the cellular and molecular levels, but truly effective molecular or cell-based antiscarring treatments still do not exist. Recent discoveries have clarified the role of skin stem cells and fibroblasts in the regeneration of injuries and formation of scar. Critical Issues: It will be important to show that new advances in the stem cell and fibroblast biology of scarring can be translated into therapies that prevent and reduce scarring in humans without major side effects. Future Directions: Novel therapies involving the use of purified human cells as well as agents that target specific cells and modulate the immune response to injury are currently undergoing testing. In the basic science realm, researchers continue to refine our understanding of the role that particular cell types play in the development of scar. SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCEThis review begins with an overview of how human skin wounds heal, with an emphasis on the formation of scar as the end result of wound healing. This is followed by a review of recent developments in the cellular biology of wound healing and scarring, particularly related to stem cells and fibroblasts. Finally, traditional and novel treatments intended to prevent and reduce scarring are described. This review will be of interest to clinicians and basic scientists who wish to better understand the processes of wound healing and scarring as well as the treatment options available. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCEA great deal has been learned about the cellular and molecular pathways that contribute to scar formation. At the same time, clinicians have understood for centuries that certain techniques allow wounds to heal faster with less scarring. Despite the enormity of the clinical problem presented by scarring, there has been a failure to translate the basic science of scarring into improved scarring treatments that take advantage of specific molecular and cellular targets. However, in the field, there is optimism that recent advances will bridge the gap between the basic science and the clinical treatment of scarring. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Scarring of the skin affects millions of patients and in some, particularly children and burn victims, causes a great deal of suffering. Scar prevention mainly consists of the principles of wound closure without tension and avoiding infection and wound breakdown. Various treatments for established scars exist, with varying levels of effectiveness. Burn scars are particularly challenging, and treatment is largely supportive with the option for revision surgery to remove scarred skin. A novel drug-based treatment that makes use of a specific mole...

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Personality Disorders in Young Adult Survivors of Pediatric Burn Injury

Abstract: Pediatric burn trauma is similar to other chronic traumas of childhood in significant correlation with subsequent personality disorder.

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Mistrustful and Misunderstood: a Review of Paranoid Personality Disorder

Mistrustful and Misunderstood: a Review of Paranoid Personality Disorder

Self-Perceptions of Young Adults Who Survived Severe Childhood Burn Injury

Cutaneous Scarring: Basic Science, Current Treatments, and Future Directions

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