Personality dimensions among women with an eating disorder: Towards reconceptualizing DSM

Tasca, Giorgio A.; Demidenko, Natasha; Krysanski, Valerie; Bissada, Hany; Illing, Vanessa; Gick, Mary L.; Weekes, Kirsti; Balfour, Louise

doi:10.1002/erv.938

Cited by 36 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, the proportion of AN diagnoses did not moderate the effect size for this domain, which is consistent with previous studies conducted in samples of all ages that reported that individuals with AN-R, AN-BP, and BN consistently reported lower levels of extraversion than non-ED controls (Farstad et al, 2016;Tasca et al, 2009). The fact that adolescents with EDs are more inhibited and suspicious in relationships, despite relational needs, could make them more vulnerable to eating control/compulsion and body image concerns in order to fulfill these relational needs, thus highlighting the intrinsic relationship between personality and ED symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Personality traits in adolescents with eating disorder: A meta‐analytic review

Dufresne

Bussières

Bédard

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Given the growing interest in personality traits among the young population with eating disorders (EDs) and the recognition that a better understanding of personality can facilitate clinical management, this meta‐analytic study reviewed evidence concerning the relationship between personality traits and the presence of an ED during adolescence. Method We conducted a systematic literature search to identify studies that examined personality traits among adolescents with an ED (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge‐eating disorder, eating disorder not otherwise specified) and that compared these traits with a normative group without an ED. The personality traits investigated in the selected studies were organized according to the personality trait domains presented in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth ed.). Effect sizes of the mean differences were calculated for each domain. We performed meta‐regressions to assess the moderating effect of ED subtype and age on the combined effect sizes. Results Twenty‐six studies met our inclusion criteria, containing a total of 63 effect sizes. Adolescents with EDs differed from the non‐ED group according to traits related to negative affectivity (g = 0.78), detachment (g = 0.69), and conscientiousness (g = −0.53). The presence of an anorexia nervosa diagnosis moderated the relationship between an ED and personality traits; this diagnosis was more strongly associated with conscientious traits compared to other EDs. Discussion Our findings provide evidence that personality traits are related to EDs in adolescents. Thus, considering personality traits could lead to a better understanding of etiological and maintenance factors for EDs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Personality traits in adolescents with eating disorder: A meta‐analytic review

Dufresne

Bussières

Bédard

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…It is also possible that conscientiousness affects body weight through eating behavior. For example, conscientious individuals are less likely to show eating disorders (e.g., anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder) (Brannan and Petrie, 2008; Tasca et al, 2009). Moreover, conscientious individuals tend to maintain a relatively high level of cognitive dietary restraint (i.e., conscious control of food intake with concerns about shape and weight) (Provencher et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality traits and body weight: Evidence using sibling comparisons

Kim

2016

Social Science & Medicine

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Rationale Past research has shown that personality traits relate to body weight, but this relationship may be confounded by unobserved family-level characteristics such as genetic endowments. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the association between personality traits, as measured by the Big Five taxonomy, and body weight among young adults is spurious owing to shared family background. Methods Participants were drawn from the full (n = 14,366) and family (n = 2,813) samples of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The study employed family-fixed effects to eliminate shared family background factors that might affect personality traits and body weight simultaneously. Results Among the Big Five personality traits, only conscientiousness showed a robust association with body weight, including body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk. These results were robust to adjustments for family-fixed effects, which indicates that the association between conscientiousness and body weight is generally not confounded by unobserved family-level characteristics shared by siblings. A one-standard-deviation increase in conscientiousness was associated with a decrease in BMI by 0.89 (equivalent to a 2.5 kg decrease in weight for an individual with an average height of the sample) and a 12% reduction in the probability of being obese. This study also found some suggestive evidence of gender and racial/ethnic differences. The association between conscientiousness and obesity was larger and statistically significant only for women, and conscientiousness was most strongly associated with obesity among Hispanic people. Conclusion Conscientiousness is associated with decreased body weight net of unobserved background characteristics that are shared by siblings. The results suggest that interventions that develop personality traits may have “spillover effects”; in other words, they may also help reduce obesity.

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“…The limited number of studies investigating the FFM dimensions among eating disorders has found profiles of high neuroticism, low extraversion, low agreeableness, and low conscientiousness [12][13][14]. De Bolle and colleagues [14] compared anorexia nervosa restricting (AN-R), anorexia nervosa binge/purging, and bulimic inpatients on FFM traits.…”

Section: Eating Disorders and Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 97%