Personality correlates of catecholamine excretion under stress

Roessler, Robert; Burch, Neil; Mefferd, Roy B.

doi:10.1016/0022-3999(67)90005-0

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Possible reaSOf-IS for this absence of consistent differences in relation to E,s will be discussed below. Anxiety is usually inversely correlated with Es, and directly, but not always, related to physiological responsivity (Phaehler and Roessler, 1965;Roessler, Burch and Mefferd, 1967). However, Hein, Cohen and Shmavonian (1966) found differences between field--dependent and field-independent Ss.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Rate Response to Sound and Light

1969

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The heart rate (HR) response to five intensities of sound was examined in 18 subjects and to five intensities of light in 12 subjects. Each subject was tested on four occasions at monthly intervals. After covariance adjustment, significant acceleration to sound was found within the first 5 beats after stimulus onset but no significant deceleration occurred. There were no differences between testings. Individuals’ HR acceleration was reliable over testings and differing experimental contexts. No habituation occurred and no consistent relationship between HR response and ego strength was found. There was no significant HR response to light stimulation. The results were discussed in relation to Graham and Clifton's (1966) hypotheses concerning the relationship of the HR response to the orienting reflex (OR).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Rate Response to Sound and Light

1969

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“…Studying American male medical students, Roessler, Burch, and Mefferd (1967) noted that higher challenge-task catecholamine increases corresponded with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) ego strength (adaptive capacity or stress tolerance). Forsman (1981) asked Swedish male college students to assess the stressfulness of daily living situations (a day-to-day stress scale).…”

Section: Research With Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arousal and physiological toughness: Implications for mental and physical health.

Dienstbier

1989

Psychological Review

796

585

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From W. B. Cannon's identification of adrenaline with "ftght or flight" to modern views of stress, negative views of peripheral physiological arousal predominate. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) arousal is associated with anxiety, neuroticism, the Type A personality, cardiovascular disease, and immune system suppression; illness susceptibility is associated with life events requiring adjustments. "Stress control" has become almost synonymous with arousal reduction. A contrary positive view of peripheral arousal follows from studies of subjects exposed to intermittent stressors. Such exposure leads to low SNS arousal base rates, but to strong and responsive challenge-or stressinduced SNS-adrenal-medullary arousal, with resistance to brain catecholamine depletion and with suppression of pituitary adrenal-cortical responses. That pattern of arousal defines physiological toughness and, in interaction with psychological coping, corresponds with positive performance in even complex tasks, with emotional stability, and with immune system enhancement. The toughness concept suggests an opposition between effective short-and long-term coping, with implications for effective therapies and stress-inoculating life-styles.Confrontations with stressors and challenges evoke central and peripheral physiological arousal. Characterizations of that peripheral arousal traditionally have been negative, but some modern views are more positive. After providing some definitions, I discuss the apparent contradictions between literatures whose basis is an assumption of the harmfulness of peripheral physiological arousal and those whose basis is not. DefinitionsAccording to Folkman and Lazarus (1985), the term stress implies "a relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as relevant to his or her well-being and in which the person's resources are taxed or exceeded" (p. 152). As components of stress, Folkman and Lazarus described threat as "potential for harm or loss," challenge as "potential for growth," and harm-loss as "injury already done" (p. 152). However, because I often emphasize the differences between challenge, on the one hand, and threat and loss, on the other, I use the term challenge separately, using stress to capture only the components of the concept associated with threat and harm/loss.

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“…(See also Johansson, Collins, & Collins, 1983. ) To cite a few examples from a consistent research series, high catecholamine levels following episodes of stress or challenge, or large catecholamine baseline-to-stress changes, have been found to correlate with better performance in target detection in air traffic controller games in American adults (O'Hanlon & Beatty, 1976), with high "ego strength" or greater "adaptive capacity or stress tolerance" in American medical students, (Roessler, Burch, & Mefferd, 1967), with better teacher-rated social adjustment and emotional stability, higher school satisfaction, and better math test performance in Swedish children (Johansson, Frankenhaeuser, & Magnusson 1973), with lower neuroticism scores and less experience of day-to-day stress in Swedish male college students (Forsman, 1980), and with more trust, less apprehension, and less anxiety (on the 16PF) for Finnish male high school students and lower psychosomatic symptomatology for Finnish male and female high school students (Rauste-von Wright, von Wright, & Frankenhaeuser, 1981). Since this final study used the 16PF, those data are presented in the final row of Table I to emphasize the relationship of this literature to the exercise-temperament area.…”

Section: Catecholamine-temperament Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%