Personality composition determines social learning pathways within shoaling fish

Hasenjager, Matthew J.; Hoppitt, William; Dugatkin, Lee Alan

doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.1871

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The reason for this high among‐shoal variation might be good nutrition status, which supports diversity in shoal‐level movement characteristics because of the complicated interactions among shoal members with a high degree of individuality. Previous studies found that the outcome of collective movement may be shaped by the personality composition (sometimes by the personality traits of one or several key individuals and sometimes by those of all group members) (Brown & Irving, 2014; Hasenjager et al ., 2020; Tang & Fu, 2019). Thus, if the shoals have more dominant members, the acceleration rate (as well as the swimming speed) might be faster because the collective movements change more.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the outcome of the conflict between members with different nutritional statuses might depend on the personality type composition (more proactive and hence more dominant or vice versa ) of fed and starved fish. It has been reported that group‐level functions are related to personality composition (Hasenjager et al ., 2020). It is also possible that if the starved fish members are more dominant in any given heterogeneous group, there might be more fission and fusion episodes in that group or vice versa .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of fasting on collective movement and fission–fusion dynamics in both homogeneous and heterogeneous shoals of a group‐living cyprinid fish species

Zheng

2021

Journal of Fish Biology

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The present study aimed to reveal the effect of fasting (21 days) on collective movement and interaction dynamics in both homogeneous (eight members fed a commercial diet or deprived of food) and heterogeneous (four fed + four starved members) shoals of juvenile qingbo (Spinibarbus sinensis). The authors of this study measured the shoaling behaviour in both a commonly used rectangular open arena with no spatial complexity and a radial arm maze. When measured in the open arena, the starved shoals had a faster swimming speed and acceleration rate and a longer interindividual distance than the fed shoals, possibly because of the elevated foraging motivation. Nonetheless, the values of the heterogeneous groups were similar to those of the fed groups. Furthermore, in contrast to the fish in homogeneous shoals, the starved fish in heterogeneous shoals showed a slower acceleration rate and speed than fed members in heterogeneous shoals. These results, combined with the relationships of variables at the among‐ and within‐shoal levels, suggested that starved fish limited their motion in heterogeneous shoals to maintain group cohesion but that the fed fish contributed more to maintaining shoal structure, possibly because of the higher energy expenditure required for movement changes. When monitored in a radial arm maze, starved shoals showed more fission–fusion episodes without sacrificing group cohesion, as they adaptively adjusted the frequency and duration of each majority choice. The among‐shoal variation revealed that the heterogeneous groups showed less variation in the open arena but more variation in the radius maze than did the homogeneous groups. This difference might arise because dominant members have opposite effects on shoal behaviour and consensus decisions. In conclusion, the present study showed opposite effects of feeding states on collective behaviour between homogeneous and heterogeneous shoals, possibly because of the complicated interactions among members with different energy storage levels and foraging motivations. Furthermore, the heterogeneous groups showed a difference between shoal behaviour in the open area and exploration in the radial arm maze. Future studies manipulating the personality composition of starved and fed members of heterogeneous groups might yield interesting results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fasting on collective movement and fission–fusion dynamics in both homogeneous and heterogeneous shoals of a group‐living cyprinid fish species

Zheng

2021

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…In addition, the extent that individuals use social learning can be dependent on group behavioral composition. For example, using network-based diffusion analysis it has been found that, in guppies, social learning rate is higher in both bold and risk averse individuals when they are part of groups dominated by risk-averse individuals or mixed groups and there is a bold demonstrator ( Hasenjager et al, 2020 ). Across gradients of environmental variation, among- and within-individual differences in behavioral expression in relation to performance curves may therefore lead to variation in social learning.…”

Section: Effects On the Costs And Benefits Of Groupingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential for Physiological Performance Curves to Shape Environmental Effects on Social Behavior

et al. 2021

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As individual animals are exposed to varying environmental conditions, phenotypic plasticity will occur in a vast array of physiological traits. For example, shifts in factors such as temperature and oxygen availability can affect the energy demand, cardiovascular system, and neuromuscular function of animals that in turn impact individual behavior. Here, we argue that nonlinear changes in the physiological traits and performance of animals across environmental gradients—known as physiological performance curves—may have wide-ranging effects on the behavior of individual social group members and the functioning of animal social groups as a whole. Previous work has demonstrated how variation between individuals can have profound implications for socially living animals, as well as how environmental conditions affect social behavior. However, the importance of variation between individuals in how they respond to changing environmental conditions has so far been largely overlooked in the context of animal social behavior. First, we consider the broad effects that individual variation in performance curves may have on the behavior of socially living animals, including: (1) changes in the rank order of performance capacity among group mates across environments; (2) environment-dependent changes in the amount of among- and within-individual variation, and (3) differences among group members in terms of the environmental optima, the critical environmental limits, and the peak capacity and breadth of performance. We then consider the ecological implications of these effects for a range of socially mediated phenomena, including within-group conflict, within- and among group assortment, collective movement, social foraging, predator-prey interactions and disease and parasite transfer. We end by outlining the type of empirical work required to test the implications for physiological performance curves in social behavior.

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“…In addition, the extent that individuals use social learning can be dependent on group behavioural composition. For example, using network-based diffusion analysis it has been found that, in guppies, social learning rate is higher in both bold and risk averse individuals when they are part of groups dominated by risk-averse individuals or mixed groups and there is a bold demonstrator (Hasenjager et al, 2020). Across gradients of environmental variation, among-and within-individual differences in behavioural expression in relation to performance curves may therefore lead to variation in social learning.…”

Section: Social Learning and The Spread Of Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential for physiological performance curves to shape environmental effects on social behaviour

Killen¹,

Cortese²,

Cotgrove³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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As individual animals are exposed to varying environmental conditions, phenotypic plasticity will occur in a vast array of physiological traits. For example, shifts in factors such as temperature and oxygen availability can affect the energy demand, cardiovascular system, and neuromuscular function of animals that in turn impact individual behaviour. Here, we argue that non-linear changes in the physiological traits and performance of animals across environmental gradients - known as physiological performance curves - may have wide-ranging effects on the behaviour of individual social group members and the functioning of animal social groups as a whole. Previous work has demonstrated how variation between individuals can have profound implications for socially living animals, as well as how environmental conditions affect social behaviour. However, the importance of variation between individuals in how they respond to environmental conditions has so far been largely overlooked in the context of animal social behaviour. First, we consider the broad effects that individual variation in performance curves may have on the behaviour of socially living animals, including changes in the rank order of performance capacity among group mates across environments, environment-dependent changes in the amount of among- and within-individual variation, and differences among group members in terms of the environmental optima, the critical environmental limits, and the peak capacity and breath of performance. We then consider the ecological implications of these effects for a range of socially mediated phenomena, including social foraging, within-group conflict, collective movement, within- and among group assortment, disease and parasite transfer, and predator-prey interactions. We end by outlining the empirical work required to test the implications for physiological performance curves in social behaviour.

show abstract

Personality composition determines social learning pathways within shoaling fish

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of fasting on collective movement and fission–fusion dynamics in both homogeneous and heterogeneous shoals of a group‐living cyprinid fish species

Effects of fasting on collective movement and fission–fusion dynamics in both homogeneous and heterogeneous shoals of a group‐living cyprinid fish species

The Potential for Physiological Performance Curves to Shape Environmental Effects on Social Behavior

The potential for physiological performance curves to shape environmental effects on social behaviour

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