Personality change over 40 years of adulthood: Hierarchical linear modeling analyses of two longitudinal samples.

Abstract

Normative personality change over 40 years was shown in 2 longitudinal cohorts with hierarchical linear modeling of California Psychological Inventory data obtained at multiple times between ages 21-75. Although themes of change and the paucity of differences attributable to gender and cohort largely supported findings of multiethnic cross-sectional samples, the authors also found much quadratic change and much individual variability. The form of quadratic change supported predictions about the influence of period of life and social climate as factors in change over the adult years: Scores on Dominance and Independence peaked in the middle age of both cohorts, and scores on Responsibility were lowest during peak years of the culture of individualism. The idea that personality change is most pronounced before age 30 and then reaches a plateau received no support.

Personality Trait Change in Adulthood

“…Alternatively, a better procedure for establishing the existence of reliable individual differences in change is growth modeling, which relies on multiple waves of data to make more precise estimates of change (Singer & Willett, 2003). Growth models of personality traits using multiple measurement occasions have grown in number over the past 10 years (e.g., Helson, Jones, & Kwan, 2002;Mroczek & Spiro, 2003;Small, Hertzog, Hultsch, & Dixon, 2003). Together, these studies have established that the Big Five traits show unmistakable variability across individuals in direction and rate of change.…”

Persönlichkeitsentwicklung im mittleren Erwachsenenalter

“…B. Baltes et al, 2006;Helson, Jones & Kwan, 2002;Neyer & Lehnart, 2007). So können neue Lebenskontexte sowie neue soziale Rollen Erwartungen und Anforderungen mit sich bringen, welche eine Anpassung bzw.…”

Impacto na qualidade de vida e no estado depressivo de idosas participantes de uma universidade da terceira idade

“…Porém, alguns autores defendem a idéia de que diferenças entre coortes refletem na personalidade de idosos, sendo que pessoas de coortes mais recentes parecem apresentar maior flexibilidade do que as de coortes anteriores (Hilgard, Atkinson & Atkinson, 1979;Ruth & Coleman, 1996;Schaie & Willis, 1991). Teorias atuais de personalidade indicam que, apesar da aparente estabilidade da personalidade na idade adulta, existe considerável potencial para mudança (Field & Millsap, 1991;Helson, Jones & Kwan, 2002;Labouvie-Vief, Diehl, Tarnowski & Shen, 2000;McAdams, 1995;Maiden, Peterson, Caya & Hayslip, 2003).…”