Personality, belief in a just world, and attitudes toward criminal responsibility defenses: a preliminary study

Abstract

Purpose In Canada, if it can be proven that a defendant was suffering from a mental disorder at the time they committed an offense, they can be found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD). These cases are often decided by jury. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of the dark triad (DT), social dominance orientation (SDO) and belief in a just world (BJW) on undergraduate students’ attitudes toward the NCRMD defense. Design/methodology/approach A total of 421 undergraduate students completed questionnaires measuring SDO and the DT. After being primed for high, low or neutral BJW, they indicated their attitudes toward NCRMD. Findings The BJW manipulation had no effect on attitudes. High-SDO/DT participants held less favorable attitudes toward NCRMD than participants who scored low on these variables, F(1, 420)=20.65, p<0.01, η p 2 = 0.05 . Psychology and criminology students had significantly more favorable attitudes toward NCRMD than business students. Practical implications This study can be helpful in improving jury impartiality in trials involving mental illness and criminal responsibility; assessment of SDO and the DT; awareness of career roles relating to insanity defense bias; and improving the voir dire process. Originality/value The results of this study may be used to improve the voir dire process in trials involving the issue of mental illness and criminal responsibility and to preserve the impartiality of the jurors selected for these trials.

Dark Triad traits, engagement with learning, and perceptions of employability in undergraduate students

“…Previous research indicates that individuals who major in psychology tend to score lower on these traits than students in other academic disciplines. One study (Mooney, 2019) observed that psychology students score lower than business students on all three traits, whilst another (Vedel and Thomsen, 2017) confirmed that psychology students score lower on narcissism and Machiavellianism than business students, and lower than law and political science students on all DT traits. Overall, these findings suggest that female psychology students may score particularly low on DT traits; this homogeneity may have resulted in an elevated risk of Type II error, or floor effects regarding the sample’s distribution of DT traits.…”

Odrednice stavova prema neubrojivim počiniteljima kaznenih djela

“…U prethodnim istraživanjima pokazalo se da znanje o psihopatologiji (Yamamoto i sur., 2017), kriminalu i njegovoj prevalenciji te potencijalnim uzrocima pridonosi pozitivnijim stavovima prema obrani neubrojivošću (Mooney, 2019). S druge strane, stavovi osoba koje izravno brinu o neubrojivim počiniteljima KD-a (npr.…”