“…An extensive body of research has linked adult personality traits and substance use. Both meta-analyses and individual studies tend to show that lower conscientiousness and higher neuroticism are related to higher risk of using cigarettes (Hakulinen, Hintsanen, et al, 2015;Malouff, Thorsteinsson, & Schutte, 2006) and alcohol (Hakulinen, Elovainio, et al, 2015;Malouff, Thorsteinsson, Rooke, & Schutte, 2007), as well as marijuana and other drugs (Mercado et al, 2016;Terracciano, Löckenhoff, Crum, Bienvenu, & Costa, 2008;Turiano, Whiteman, Hampson, Roberts, & Mroczek, 2012). Additionally, in some studies, higher extraversion is associated with higher risk of substance use (e.g., Hakulinen, Elovainio, et al, 2015;Hakulinen, Hintsanen, et al, 2015;Mercado et al, 2016).…”