Personality and Normal Aging

Starratt, Christopher; Peterson, Linda N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1857-4_3

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The ability of various biochemical structures to affect impulsivity is a construct that has received both anecdotal and empirical support (Oquendo & Mann, 2000). For example, as a person ages, levels of hormones and neurotransmitters change, potentially having an effect on impulsivity (Starratt & Peterson, 1997). Furthermore, whether the differences between individuals' neurological structures are largely genetic or environmental (i.e., trauma due to insult, disease), certain neurological structures are associated with impulse control.…”

Section: Biopsychosocial Assessment Of Impulsivitysupporting

confidence: 39%

Biopsychosocial Assessment of Impulsivity in Persons With Severe Mental Illness

Tansey¹

2008

The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling

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T he efficacy of institutional and community-based treatment services is crucial in maintaining the health, safety, and quality of life of persons with psychiatric illness. A factor limiting the success of community interventions is the rehospitalisation of persons with mental health disorders due to behavioural concerns, particularly aggression toward self and others. Understanding impulse control, a construct commonly thought to have a relationship to aggressive behaviour, may provide psychologists with insights into individual behaviour in novel or unpredictable environments. This study examines the validity of biopsychosocial assessment of impulsivity in understanding inpatient behaviour in 53 individuals currently residing in a State psychiatric facility. Using three separate measures of impulsivity, a regression analysis was used to determine the predictive value of these measures in relation to institutional behaviour. Support was found for using impulsivity assessment as a predictor of institutional behaviour. Discussion and suggestions for utilising biopsychosocial assessment of impulsivity in inpatient and community settings is provided.

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Section: Biopsychosocial Assessment Of Impulsivitysupporting

confidence: 39%

Biopsychosocial Assessment of Impulsivity in Persons With Severe Mental Illness

Tansey¹

2008

The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling

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“…It is worth considering that much variance in socioemotional functioning is related to noncognitive personality traits (e.g., Mavroveli, Petrides, Sangareau, & Furnham, 2009), which may remain relatively stable during the aging process (Starratt & Peterson, 1997). It is accordingly plausible that representations that older adults had of themselves in their younger years with respect to socioemotional functioning may continue to be accurate into late life, independent of changes in the capacity to self-monitor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Older adults have diminished awareness of errors in the laboratory and daily life.

Harty

O’Connell

Hester

et al. 2013

Psychology and Aging

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Poor recognition of the degree or scope of one's own cognitive deficits is a common feature of many neurological conditions, including diseases of aging, but little is known about the impact the natural aging process has on this aspect of self-awareness (SA). Here, a group of 45 healthy older adults and a comparison group of 45 young adults completed a multidomain assessment of SA. Awareness of daily functioning was evaluated based on discrepancies between self- and informant ratings on questionnaire measures of attentional control, memory functioning, and socioemotional functioning. Online error awareness was also assessed using a variant of the Go/No-Go Error Awareness Task (EAT) in which participants are required to signal commission errors via a separate manual response. Whereas younger participants tended to underestimate their attentional control and memory functioning relative to informant reports, older adults significantly overestimated their abilities. The older adults also exhibited substantially poorer online error awareness compared with young adults, despite the fact that the two groups were matched for overall accuracy. Levels of online error awareness were significantly correlated with discrepancy scores for daily attentional and memory functioning, and with performance of a sustained attention task. These novel findings suggest that an important aspect of the neuropsychology of healthy aging has hitherto been overlooked.

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“…For instance, we might infer some characteristics about sensory processing (a newer line of research) from the relationships we hypothesize to exist between the more established temperament and personality literature and sensory processing. Earlier in the temperament line of research, some controversy existed about whether temperament characteristics were stable throughout life and whether early temperament characteristics predicted personality traits in adulthood (Starratt & Peterson, 1997). The now substantial body of evidence seems to illuminate two important factors.…”

Section: Integrating Data Across Disciplines Provides Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, personality and temperament researchers indicate that context can affect the manifestation of one's personality traits. Starratt and Peterson, (1997) suggested that people may not express their personality traits as strongly in contexts that have variable relevance for them. Perhaps this same tendency to express traits differently across contexts also occurs with one's pattern of sensory processing.…”

Section: Integrating Data Across Disciplines Provides Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sensations of Everyday Life: Empirical, Theoretical, and Pragmatic Considerations

Dunn

2001

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

468

407

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The experience of being human is embedded in sensory events of everyday life. This lecture reviews sensory processing literature, including neuroscience and social science perspectives. Introduced is Dunns Model of Sensory Processing, and the evidence supporting this model is summarized. Specifically, using Sensory Profile questionnaires (i.e., items describing responses to sensory events in daily life; persons mark the frequency of each behavior), persons birth to 90 years of age demonstrate four sensory processing patterns: sensory seeking, sensory avoiding, sensory sensitivity, and low registration. These patterns are based on a persons neurological thresholds and self-regulation strategies. Psychophysiology studies verify these sensory processing patterns; persons with strong preferences in each pattern also have unique patterns of habituation and responsivity in skin conductance. Studies also indicate that persons with disabilities respond differently than peers on these questionnaires, suggesting underlying poor sensory processing in certain disorders, including autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental delays, and schizophrenia. The author proposes relationships between sensory processing and temperament and personality traits. The four categories of temperament share some consistency with the four sensory processing patterns described in Dunn's model. As with temperament, each person has some level of responsiveness within each sensory processing preference (i.e., a certain amount of seeking, avoiding, etc., not one or the other). The author suggests that one's sensory processing preferences simultaneously reflect his or her nervous system needs and form the basis for the manifestation of temperament and personality. The final section of this lecture outlines parameters for developing best practice that supports interventions based on this knowledge.

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Personality and Normal Aging

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Biopsychosocial Assessment of Impulsivity in Persons With Severe Mental Illness

Biopsychosocial Assessment of Impulsivity in Persons With Severe Mental Illness

Older adults have diminished awareness of errors in the laboratory and daily life.

The Sensations of Everyday Life: Empirical, Theoretical, and Pragmatic Considerations

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