Personality and chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of the five-factor model

Background:Substance abuse is a serious global problem that is affected by multiple psychosocial and socio-demographic factors.Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the leading factors in positive attitude and tendency toward substance abuse in terms of personality, socio-economic, and socio-demographic factors.Patients and Methods:In a cross-sectional study, 200 college students (105 females and 95 males) residing in Damghan University dormitory in northeast of Iran were recruited by random sampling from March to July 2013. The participants were instructed and asked to complete the NEO FIVE-factor Inventory, the attitude to substance abuse scale, and the demographic questionnaire. Then data were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression employing PASW 18.Results:Being male sex and neuroticism had a significant positive role in predicting positive attitude toward substance abuse in university students. In addition, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and socio-economic status had a significant negative role in predicting tendency toward substance abuse (P < 0.001). Extraversion had no significant role in prediction of positive attitude to substance abuse (P > 0.05).Conclusions:Lower agreeableness, decreased conscientiousness, higher neuroticism, diminished openness, low socio-economic status, and male sex might make university students more inclined to substance abuse. Thus, it is reasonable to show the importance of these factors in tailored prevention programs.

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“…In addition, internal consistency of all domains was good ( 26 ). NEO-FFI has appropriate psychometric characteristics in Iranian samples ( 27 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitude to Substance Abuse: Do Personality and Socio-Demographic Factors Matter?

Boogar

Tabatabaee

Tosi

2014

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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“…Similarly, emotional stability has been found to be negatively associated with fatigue, and findings have shown that lower levels of this trait have a negative impact on fatigue (Kitamura et al, 2013). Previous results have also indicated that conscientiousness has a positive relationship with fatigue (De Vries and Van Heck, 2002;Besharat et al, 2011;Calderwood and Ackerman, 2011;Sørengaard et al, 2019) and exhaustion (Alarcon et al, 2009). However, in a recent study by Sørengaard et al (2019), conscientiousness did not predict fatigue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Concerning openness, (Nater et al, 2010) compared individuals with chronic fatigue and healthy subjects and found no differences in this latter trait. Similarly, Besharat et al (2011) reported no association between openness and fatigue in individuals with chronic fatigue. Prior studies have shown that emotional stability and extraversion make a greater contribution to fatigue than does openness (e.g., De Vries and Van Heck, 2002;Calderwood and Ackerman, 2011;Vassend et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, in a recent study by Sørengaard et al ( 2019 ), conscientiousness did not predict fatigue. Most studies have shown that extraversion is negatively related to fatigue and that workers with higher extraversion tend to feel lower fatigue and chronic fatigue than individuals with low extraversion (De Vries and Van Heck, 2002 ; Nater et al, 2010 ; Besharat et al, 2011 ; Poeschla et al, 2013 ). Concerning openness, (Nater et al, 2010 ) compared individuals with chronic fatigue and healthy subjects and found no differences in this latter trait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupational Fatigue: Relationship With Personality Traits and Decent Work

2021

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Psychology of working theory (PWT) and psychology of working framework (PWF) offered a psychological view of decent work. The present study examined the associations among personality traits, decent work and Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion Recovery Scale (OFER). Two hundred and thirty four participants filled out the Big Five Questionnaire, the Italian version of the Decent Work Scale, and the Italian version of the OFER Scale. Hierarchical regressions showed that decent work explained incremental variance beyond personality traits with respect to OFER both considering total score and its three dimensions (chronic fatigue, acute fatigue, persistent fatigue). The present study underlined the value of decent work in relation to occupational fatigue beyond the contributions of personality, in particular in relation to the dimensions of Adequate compensation and Free time and rest for less occupational fatigue (both as total and as dimensions).

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“…In this regard, when one faces a potential stressor, the central nervous system starts a series of activities that lead to the release of several neurotransmitters, peptides, and hormones. 27 Two major axes involved in mediating these activities are the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) 28 and sympathetic nervous system. 29,30 Although cortisol as the final product of HPA plays a significant role in stress responses, 31 there are several other mediators, including inflammatory cytokines, involved in adaptation to stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Evaluation of the Effectiveness of One- and Multi-Session Exposure-Based Treatments in Reducing Biological and Psychological Responses to Rat Phobia Among Students</p>

Hemyari¹,

Dolatshahi²,

Sahraian³

et al. 2020

PRBM

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Background: Animal phobia is one of the most common forms of specific phobias. This anxiety disorder challenges the medical student working with animal models. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of one-and multi-session cognitive exposure-based treatments in students with rat phobia. Methods: For the purpose of the study, a total of 40 female students with rat phobia were allocated into two groups of one-and multi-session cognitive exposure-based treatments. The data were collected using psychological measures, including state anxiety, rat phobia, and disgust questionnaires, which were completed in three stages, including the baseline, pretreatment, and post-treatment. The gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (ie, interleukin-1 [IL-1], nuclear factor-kappaB [NF-κB], and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNFα]) associated with acute stress, as well as the serum levels of IL-6 and cortisol, were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. This study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20171123037602N1). Results: According to the results, both treatments yielded a significant reduction in almost all psychological measures and biological variables, except for IL-6. Rat phobia was the only variable that showed a statistically greater reduction in the multi-session treatment group. Furthermore, rat phobia and disgust reduction were maintained in both groups to the same extent during follow-up. Conclusion: The findings of the present study were indicative of the incidence of habituation in psychological and biological factors following exposure therapy. Both one-and multisession treatments reduced the factors associated with rat phobia almost to the same degree. As a result of the high levels of disgust, anxiety-related biological factors remained high in four students despite observing a significant reduction in their fear. This led to passive avoidance in this group. The OST enabled the students to handle rats in less than half a day. Accordingly, it could be applied as a half-day workshop for students in medical universities to avoid the incidence of associated anxiety-related disorders in this group.

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Personality and chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of the five-factor model

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Attitude to Substance Abuse: Do Personality and Socio-Demographic Factors Matter?

Attitude to Substance Abuse: Do Personality and Socio-Demographic Factors Matter?

Occupational Fatigue: Relationship With Personality Traits and Decent Work

<p>Evaluation of the Effectiveness of One- and Multi-Session Exposure-Based Treatments in Reducing Biological and Psychological Responses to Rat Phobia Among Students</p>

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